Quality Control: Definition and Purpose

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Questions and Answers

What was the primary application of statistical theory in the 1920s in the United States?

Customer focus

Product quality control (correct)

Quality measurement

Total quality management

Who are the two academicians credited with developing the philosophy of TQM in Japan in the 1960s?

Dr. Feigenbaum and Dr. Crosby

Dr. W. Edward Deming and Dr. K. Ishikawa

Dr. J.M. Juran and Dr. K. Ishikawa

Dr. W. Edward Deming and Dr. J.M. Juran (correct)

What is the primary objective of TQM?

To reduce inventory

To improve teamwork

To achieve maximum customer satisfaction (correct)

To increase productivity

Which of the following is NOT an element of TQM?

Quality Control Staff Only Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary limitation of TQM implementation in a developing economy?

Unfavorable approach of management and employees Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of TQM implementation?

Enhanced customer satisfaction Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of Deming's 14 Quality Principles?

Management Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of TQM in terms of quality?

Zero defects production Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an element of TQM?

Universal Quality Responsibility Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of TQM implementation in terms of organization culture?

Total change in organization working culture Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary definition of quality?

Fitness for purpose at the lowest cost Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between control and inspection?

Control involves corrective action, while inspection does not Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of quality control?

To produce the optimum quality products at minimum cost Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the factors that affect the quality of a product?

Type of labor Signup and view all the answers

What is quality in terms of customer needs?

The degree to which a product meets both the customer's explicit and implicit needs Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of quality control?

To ensure that products meet the customer's needs Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of quality in terms of perfection?

Degree of perfection Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the feedback mechanism in quality control?

To take corrective action Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the characteristics used to determine the quality of a product?

Design Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of quality control in terms of cost?

To minimize the cost of production Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of adopting a new philosophy in a competitive market?

To keep up with changing customer demands and technology trends Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of infusing quality at the beginning of production?

No raw materials are wasted for the sake of quality Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of moving towards a single supplier for any item?

To minimize total cost Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential to drive out fear in the workplace?

To improve quality of work Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of breaking down barriers between staff areas?

Better quality assurance management and planning Signup and view all the answers

Why should numerical goals for the workforce be eliminated?

To create a calm and quiet quality atmosphere Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of eliminating work standards and numerical quotas?

To improve quality of work Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential to institute modern methods of training on the job?

To improve the quality of work and increase productivity Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of creating a situation in top management that will push every day on the above points?

To accomplish the transformation and improve quality Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential to constantly and forever improve the system of production and service?

To catch up with the competitive market Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of Feigorbaum's Total Quality Control?

To enable production and services at the most economical levels that allow full customer satisfaction Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor affecting quality?

Number of employees Signup and view all the answers

What is the main objective of Quality Control?

To decide about the standard of quality of a product that is easily acceptable to the customer Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Quality Control department in regards to defective goods?

To correct the rejected goods Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of Quality Control in terms of reputation?

It improves reputation Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of Total Quality Management (TQM) according to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO)?

A management approach for an organization centered on quality and customer satisfaction Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of Total Quality Management (TQM)?

Customer satisfaction and benefits to all members of the organization and society Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of Total Quality Management (TQM)?

It is a long-term approach to quality improvement Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of Total Quality Management (TQM)?

Three paradigms: Total, Quality, and Management Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of Total Quality Management (TQM) in terms of customer satisfaction?

To achieve maximum customer satisfaction Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Quality Control

Definition of Quality: Fitness for purpose at lowest cost, satisfying customer needs, and degree of perfection.
Quality Control: Systematic control of factors affecting product quality, ensuring optimum quality at minimum cost.

Factors Affecting Quality

Men, materials, machines, and manufacturing conditions
Market research, money, management, production methods, and product design

Objectives of Quality Control

Set standards for quality that are acceptable to customers and economical to maintain
Improve quality standards
Prevent and solve quality deviations during manufacturing
Ensure uniform quality products

Functions of Quality Control Department

Suggest methods to prevent manufacturing difficulties
Reject defective goods
Investigate and correct quality control breakdowns
Correct and rehabilitate defective goods

Advantages of Quality Control

Improved product quality and sales
Reduced waste and manufacturing costs
Improved reputation and manufacturer-consumer relations
Uniformity in quality and reduced inspection costs

Total Quality Management (TQM)

Definition: A management approach focused on quality, based on participation of all members, aiming for long-term success through customer satisfaction.
TQM is composed of three paradigms: Total, Quality, and Management.
Originated in the United States in the 1920s and developed in Japan in the 1960s.

Elements of TQM

Sustained management commitment to quality
Total focus on the customer
Preventing defects rather than detecting them
Universal quality responsibility
Quality measurement, continuous improvement, and root cause corrective actions
Employee involvement and empowerment, focus on team synergy, thinking statistically, benchmarking, and training
Supplier teaming

Objectives of TQM

Achieve higher customer satisfaction through collective effort
Provide goods and services with zero defects
Educate and train managers and employees
Focus on productivity and quality improvement
Enhance communication in the organization

Advantages of TQM

Enhanced customer satisfaction
Total change in organization working culture
Increased productivity and efficiency
Incorporation of advanced production techniques
Development of new products and skills
Enhanced teamwork, reduced rework, and reduced inventory
Increased profitability

Limitations of TQM

Slow implementation process
Requires total change in management and employee outlook
Success depends on participative management
Difficult to implement in developing economies

Deming's 14 Quality Principles

Create constancy of purpose for improvement of product and service
Adopt the new philosophy
Cease dependence on mass inspection
End the practice of awarding business on price tag alone
Constantly and forever improve the system of production and service
Institute modern methods of training on the job
Institute modern methods of supervision
Drive out fear
Break down barriers between staff areas
Eliminate numerical goals for the work force
Eliminate work standards and numerical quotas
Remove barriers that hinder the hourly worker
Institute a vigorous program of education and training
Create a situation in top management that will push every day on the above points

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Description

This quiz explores the concept of quality, its definition, and its relation to cost and customer needs. Learn how quality is defined as fitness for purpose and its significance in products and services.