Quality Assurance Methods
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal of quality assurance methods?

  • To improve development cycles
  • To test a product under extreme conditions
  • To detect product defects after they arise
  • To prevent product defects before they arise (correct)

    • Total Quality Management (TQM) relies on subjective opinions and analysis.

    False (B)

    What is the purpose of software quality assurance (SQA)?

    To systematically find patterns and actions needed to improve development cycles

    Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) is a performance improvement-focused SQA model that works by ranking maturity levels of areas within an organization, and it identifies ___________ that can be used for improvement.

    <p>optimizations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following quality assurance methods with their descriptions:

    <p>Failure testing = Testing a product to determine if it breaks or fails Statistical Process Control (SPC) = Managing and controlling production using statistical methods Total Quality Management (TQM) = Applying quantitative methods for continuous improvement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible consequence of fixing one coding error in software development?

    <p>Breaking other features and functionality (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Software quality assurance (SQA) ensures that an update to software will never break other features and cause defects.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range of ranking levels in the Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI)?

    <p>From being disorganized to being fully optimal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Quality Control popularly abbreviated as?

    <p>QC (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quality Control deals with the processes used to create a product.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main aim of Quality Control?

    <p>to check whether the products meet the specifications and requirements of the customer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quality Control evaluates people on their ______________________ level skill sets and imparts training and certifications.

    <p>quality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between Quality Control and Quality Assurance?

    <p>QC examines the product, while QA examines the process (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Quality Control = part of quality management focused on fulfilling quality requirements Quality Assurance = the operational techniques and activities used to fulfill requirements for quality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quality Control only checks the quality of the final product, not the intermediate stages.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Quality Control do if an issue or problem is identified in a product?

    <p>it needs to be fixed before delivery to the customer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of Quality Control activities?

    <p>Inspection, testing, and walkthrough (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quality Assurance is only concerned with software products.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of quality control in a service organization?

    <p>To ensure that the service meets customer requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In software development, QA becomes _______, and QC becomes _______.

    <p>SQA, Software Testing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the best practices for Quality Assurance?

    <p>Create a robust testing environment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quality Audit is a Quality Control activity.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of applying automated testing to high-risk areas?

    <p>It helps to fasten the entire process and save money.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following Quality Control activities with their descriptions:

    <p>Walkthrough = A thorough review of a process or product Testing = Evaluating a product or service against specific criteria Checkpoint review = A regular review of progress and quality Inspection = A visual examination of a product or service</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of components in software?

    <p>High cohesion and low coupling (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In OOP, objects are designed to be very general and can be used in many other software programs.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the re-use of software components?

    <p>Component-Based Software Engineering (CBSE)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Software components provide _______________, which can be used to establish communication among different components.

    <p>interfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one way to adopt re-use in software components?

    <p>By keeping requirements same and adjusting components (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the 'Specify Components' step in the software development process?

    <p>To segregate the entire system into smaller components or sub-systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following re-use levels with their descriptions:

    <p>Application level = Where an entire application is used as sub-system of new software Component level = Where sub-system of an application is used Modules level = Where functional modules are re-used</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of Quality Assurance in an organization?

    <p>To ensure that the product is designed and implemented with correct procedures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quality Assurance is only focused on internal quality requirements.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the cycle used in Quality Assurance methodology?

    <p>PDCA cycle or Deming cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Quality Assurance process involves repeating the phases of the PDCA cycle to ensure that processes are __________ and improved on a periodic basis.

    <p>evaluated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the 'Check' phase in the PDCA cycle?

    <p>Monitoring of processes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the 'Act' phase in the PDCA cycle?

    <p>To implement actions necessary to achieve improvements in the processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following phases of the PDCA cycle with their descriptions:

    <p>Plan = Establish process objectives and determine required processes Do = Development and testing of processes Check = Monitoring of processes and modifying them Act = Implementing actions to achieve improvements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Quality Assurance

    • Quality Assurance (QA) helps prevent product defects by defining standards and procedures.
    • QA methods include:
    • Failure testing: testing a product to determine its breaking point.
    • Statistical process control (SPC): a methodology based on objective data and analysis.
    • Total quality management (TQM): a methodology that applies quantitative methods for continuous improvement.

    Software Quality Assurance

    • Software Quality Assurance (SQA) systematically finds patterns and takes actions to improve development cycles.
    • SQA strategies include:
    • Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI): a performance improvement-focused SQA model.
    • Without SQA, disadvantages arise, such as product bugs and market dissatisfaction.

    Quality Assurance Process

    • The QA process cycle is called the PDCA cycle or Deming cycle, which consists of:
    • Plan: establishing process objectives and determining required processes.
    • Do: developing and testing processes.
    • Check: monitoring processes and modifying them to meet objectives.
    • Act: implementing actions to achieve improvements.

    Quality Control vs Quality Assurance

    • Quality Assurance (QA) focuses on providing confidence that quality requirements will be fulfilled.
    • Quality Control (QC) focuses on fulfilling quality requirements.
    • QA examines processes, while QC examines products or services.

    Quality Assurance Activities

    • Examples of QA activities include:
    • Quality Audit
    • Defining Process
    • Tool Identification and selection
    • Training of Quality Standards and Processes
    • Examples of QC activities include:
    • Walkthrough
    • Testing
    • Inspection
    • Checkpoint review

    Industry Perspectives on QA and QC

    • For service organizations, quality control may be foreign because there is no tangible product to inspect.
    • Quality assurance in service organizations may include quality control of products involved in providing the service.

    Best Practices and Functions of Quality Assurance

    • Best practices for QA include:
    • Creating a robust testing environment
    • Selecting release criteria carefully
    • Applying automated testing to high-risk areas
    • QA involves creating components with high cohesion and low coupling, making them reusable.
    • Components provide interfaces for communication among different components.

    Reuse Process

    • Two methods for reusing software components include:
    • Keeping requirements same and adjusting components
    • Keeping components same and modifying requirements
    • Reuse can be done at various levels, including application, component, and module levels.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the methods used in quality assurance to prevent product defects. It includes failure testing, which involves continually testing a product to determine if it breaks or fails.

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