Questions and Answers
What is quality assurance?
Plans or action taken by an agency that provides confidence that a product or service will be satisfactory/adequate.
What does a Quality Assurance program serve as?
The framework necessary for construction Quality Assurance implementation.
Who should be included in the making and revision of QA specifications?
Agency and industry personnel (engineers, inspectors, technicians).
The 6 elements used in 'design bid build' QA programs are the same as 'Design build' construction QA programs.
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What do quality control activities include?
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QC plans are not project specific.
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Who is responsible for acceptance?
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What are engineering limits?
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QA specifications use what?
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What is the purpose of Internal Audits (IA)?
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IA comparison is performed on what?
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If contractor QC test results are not used in acceptance, a dispute resolution system is not needed.
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All agency central labs are required to be accredited through AASHTO accreditation program AAP.
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Qualification/certification personnel should be required to recertify every how many years?
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Each agency construction QA program must meet what regulation?
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What does the D-3665 Random number table contain?
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What is the purpose of random numbers in sampling?
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What is a lot in the context of sampling?
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What are sublots established to ensure?
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How do you determine the row of the random number selected by a calculator?
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Statistical samples are made up of samples, which are made up of increments.
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D 3665 states that the stratified random sampling procedure is the best and most practical method.
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To find the column of the number randomly generated by a calculator, you multiply the number by 100 and round to the nearest whole number.
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Random numbers drawn are final and can't be changed.
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The sampling methods described can only be used for QC sampling situations.
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Sampling is equally as important as testing and should be done with precaution.
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What is maximum size in relation to materials?
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Typically, AASHTO sampling procedure requires that all samples be composed of multiple increments.
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What must sampling devices used to interrupt flowing aggregate streams be capable of?
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Sampling with power equipment is preferred.
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How is sampling stockpiles with power equipment described?
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When sampling from a stockpile with no power equipment, what should the sampler do?
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When shoveling from a stockpile, only material from the ____________ layer should be taken.
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Study Notes
Quality Assurance and Control
- Quality assurance provides confidence regarding the adequacy of a product or service.
- A Quality Assurance program is essential for the implementation of construction QA.
- Making and revising QA specifications should involve engineers, inspectors, and technicians from both the agency and industry.
QA Program Elements
- Design bid build and Design build construction QA programs share the same six elements.
- Quality control (QC) activities include sampling, testing, and visual inspection.
- QC plans should be project-specific and address individual processes for various work categories.
Responsibilities and Acceptance
- Acceptance of work is the responsibility of the transportation agency.
- Engineering limits define absolute threshold values for individual test results.
- QA specifications utilize quality measures for evaluation.
Internal Audits and Comparisons
- Internal Audit (IA) aims to identify discrepancies in testing procedures or equipment.
- IA comparison is conducted using split samples.
- If contractor QC test results are excluded from acceptance, a dispute resolution system is unnecessary.
Accreditation and Certification
- All agency central labs must be accredited through the AASHTO accreditation program (AAP).
- Personnel must be recertified every 2-5 years for qualifications.
Compliance and Standards
- Each agency construction QA program must comply with 23 CFR 637B, requiring FHWA approval.
Sampling Techniques
- The D-3665 Random number table contains 10,000 numbers ranging from 0.0000 to 1.
- Random numbers help ensure unbiased sample collection.
- A "lot" is defined as an isolated quantity of materials from a single source, assumed to be produced and placed uniformly.
Sub-lots and Sample Collection
- Sublots are established to ensure sample collection from various locations within a lot.
- To find the row of a random number, multiply the number by 500 and round to the nearest whole number.
- Statistical samples consist of samples made up of individual increments.
Sampling Procedures
- D 3665 recommends stratified random sampling as the most effective approach to represent the full range of construction processes.
- Random numbers, once drawn, cannot be altered.
- The sampling methods can be applied beyond QC sampling situations, emphasizing their broader relevance.
Importance of Sampling
- Proper sampling is as crucial as testing and should be executed with care.
- Maximum size is defined as the smallest sieve size through which all material must pass.
- AASHTO sampling procedures generally require samples to consist of multiple increments.
Sampling Equipment and Techniques
- Devices used for sampling from flowing aggregate must interrupt all material passing through them.
- Power equipment is preferred for sampling purposes.
- Sampling stockpiles may involve remixing, re-entering, rolling out the sampling pile, back-dragging, and quadrant sampling.
Manual Sampling Practices
- When sampling from a stockpile without power equipment, subdivide the pile into quarters, collecting samples from each.
- Only the inner layer of material should be taken when shoveling from a stockpile.
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Description
This quiz covers key concepts of quality assurance and control specifically in construction projects. It discusses the essential elements of QA programs, responsibilities of transportation agencies, and quality control activities. Test your knowledge on QA specifications and internal auditing in construction.
