COPY: Quality and Strategy

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a way that managing quality can support a company's strategy?

  • By allowing the company to stand out in the market by offering superior products or services. (correct)
  • By reducing customer satisfaction, which enhances responsiveness to market demands.
  • By limiting the company to only offering basic products or services.
  • By increasing rework, defects, and warranty claims which increases production costs.

What is the focus of manufacturing based quality?

  • Defect-free production and consistency. (correct)
  • How well the product meets customer expectations.
  • Innovation and design.
  • Specific attributes like durability, reliability, and features.

An organization with a strong quality reputation is most likely to experience which of the following benefits?

  • Increased customer loyalty, which leads to long-term success. (correct)
  • Decreased competitiveness in the global market.
  • Increased expenses due to higher material costs to ensure quality.
  • Reduced ability to innovate due to strict quality standards.

Which of the following is an example of an internal failure cost?

<p>The costs associated with defective parts or services identified before delivery. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to W. Edwards Deming, what role should management assume in building good systems?

<p>To accept responsibility for building good systems. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of ethical quality management?

<p>To ensure trust, compliance, and long-term success. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of Total Quality Management (TQM)?

<p>To use employee involvement and customer focus for continuous improvement. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of Deming's fourteen points emphasizes promoting teamwork across different departments within an organization?

<p>Break Down Barriers Between Departments. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Kaizen describe?

<p>The ongoing process of unending improvement. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes Six Sigma?

<p>A program designed to reduce defects, lower costs, save time, and improve customer satisfaction. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the DMAIC process of Six Sigma, what is the purpose of the 'Analyze' phase?

<p>To analyze the data, ensuring repeatability and reproducibility. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary goal of employee empowerment in the context of quality management?

<p>To empower employees to identify quality issues and suggest improvements. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a facilitator in quality circles?

<p>To lead the quality circle. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When forming a benchmark team, what is primarily done?

<p>Determine what to benchmark. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of Just-in-Time (JIT) system?

<p>Production only when signaled. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the primary aim of Taguchi concepts?

<p>To improve product and process design using engineering and experimental design methods. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does quality robustness aim to achieve?

<p>Producing products uniformly in adverse manufacturing and environmental conditions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a Quality Loss Function show?

<p>Shows that costs increase as the product moves away from what the customer wants. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tool is used to collect and organize data on defects, errors, or issues in a production process?

<p>Check Sheet. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should a Pareto chart be used in quality management?

<p>When prioritizing the most significant causes of a problem. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When would a company use a flowchart (process diagram)?

<p>To map out a process to identify inefficiencies or bottlenecks. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a statistical process control (SPC) chart help monitor?

<p>A process over time to detect variations and ensure stability. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In quality control, what is meant by 'inspection'?

<p>Examining items to see if an item is good or defective. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is the most effective time to conduct quality inspections?

<p>At the supplier's plant while the supplier is producing. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is relying on inspection alone not enough to ensure quality?

<p>Prevention is more effective than detection. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which concept is characterized by quality being built into the process rather than relying on final inspections?

<p>Source Inspection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using foolproof techniques (Poka-Yoke)?

<p>To prevent defects from occurring. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the application of TQM differ between the service and product industries?

<p>Service quality is harder to quantify than product quality because services are intangible, variable, and customer-dependent. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tangible aspects does the operations manager need to recognize when addressing service quality?

<p>The speed a service is conducted. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Responsiveness mean for providing service?

<p>Willingness or readiness of employees to provide service. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would the L in Marriott's LEARN routine be?

<p>Listen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of service quality and evaluation, what does SERVQUAL measure?

<p>Customer perceptions of service quality by comparing expectations vs. actual experience. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During a service quality evaluation using SERVQUAL, what might a business do upon discovering gaps between customer expectations and actual service received?

<p>Develop strategies for better service. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A customer states that, 'The business ensured long-term quality and customer retention. How would you classify this?'

<p>Total quality management. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What approach does Toyota integrate to ensure high-quality components from suppliers?

<p>Toyota collaborates with suppliers adhering to strict quality control standards to ensure high-quality components. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which system used by Toyota allows workers to stop production if a defect is detected, preventing major quality issues?

<p>The Andon system. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Toyota address its significant quality crisis in 2009-2010 regarding unintended acceleration issues?

<p>By strengthening supplier oversight, internal quality control, and focus on root cause analysis, while improving customer communication and transparency in recalls. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does investing in quality upfront contribute to long-term financial performance?

<p>It reduces costs associated with rework, scrap, warranty claims, and customer attrition. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the implication of poor supplier quality on an organization?

<p>It leads to production issues, decreases customer satisfaction, and damages brand reputation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which principle is most critical when an organization aims to build a culture of quality?

<p>Management commitment to establishing a culture of quality through training and clear objectives. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following reflects the user-based view of quality?

<p>Quality depends on how well the product satisfies customer expectations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of incorporating ethics into quality management?

<p>To ensure trust, compliance, and long-term success by delivering safe, high-quality products and services. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important action a company should take when it identifies risks or defects in its products?

<p>Act transparently and responsibly to address and communicate the issues. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most comprehensive description of Total Quality Management (TQM)?

<p>An organization-wide philosophy focused on continuous quality improvement, extending from suppliers to customers. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of organizational culture is most vital for the successful implementation of TQM?

<p>Involvement of all employees in the process of continuous improvement. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'ceasing dependence on inspection' mean in the context of Deming’s 14 points?

<p>Building quality into the process itself rather than relying on inspection to find defects. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Six Sigma contribute to Total Quality Management?

<p>By providing specific techniques for achieving higher quality. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Within the DMAIC methodology, which activity best describes Improve?

<p>Altering or redesigning processes/procedures. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What’s the best way to describe how leaders should implement Six Sigma to realize success?

<p>Formulating the plan, communicate their buy-in, and setting the example for others (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When building high-morale for employees, what is a quality-related activity to action?

<p>Develop communication networks that include employees. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When forming a quality circle, what is required to achieve better results?

<p>Trained in group planning, problem solving, and statistical quality control (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of identifying benchmarking partners?

<p>To find organizations that can serve as a standard of comparison. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a Just-in-Time (JIT) system relate to quality improvement?

<p>It reduces the cost of quality and improves overall quality. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the core principle that underlies quality robustness?

<p>Producing products uniformly despite adverse manufacturing or environmental conditions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What information does a Quality Loss Function provide?

<p>How costs increase as the product deviates from customer wants. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is an appropriate use for a check sheet?

<p>To collect and organize data on defects, errors, or issues in a production process. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a scatter diagram aid in quality control?

<p>By analyzing relationships between two variables, like temperature and product defects. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For what purpose would a company implement Statistical Process Control (SPC)?

<p>To monitor a process over time and detect variations that may affect quality. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the major drawback of relying solely on inspection for quality control?

<p>It does not address root causes of defects and is expensive. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does building 'quality into the process' mean, as opposed to relying on final inspections?

<p>Creating a robust product design that is defect-resistant. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is source inspection important in maintaining product quality?

<p>It detects defects at the source rather than after production. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using foolproof techniques (Poka-Yoke) in a production process?

<p>To prevent defects from occurring by using designs and methods. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why may service quality be harder than quality in the product industry to maintain?

<p>Services are intangible, variable, and customer-dependent. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When addressing service quality, what element should managers consider?

<p>The tangible component of services. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Competence mean for providing service?

<p>Required skills and knowledge. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The N in Marriott's LEARN routine involves which of the following?

<p>Notify a manager. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the key categories used in SERVQUAL to evaluate service quality?

<p>Reliability, Assurance, Tangibles, Empathy, Responsiveness. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step Marriott employees should carry out within the LEARN framework?

<p>Listen to the complainer. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Within Toyota's framework, what action is triggered when a worker detects a defect?

<p>The worker is empowered to stop the production line using the Andon system. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What activity is Toyota's Supply Chain Management focused on?

<p>Using strict quality control standards. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Toyota improve their cars to reduce safety issues?

<p>By increasing focus on root cause analysis. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For Toyota’s product design, what ensures that cars meet expectations?

<p>Toyota integrates customer feedback into the design process using Quality Function Deployment (QFD). (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does quality reduce costs?

<p>By reducing defects and waste, which increases customer satisfaction and brand royalty. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should companies prioritize over everything else to ensure safe and quality products?

<p>Customer safety. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the best way for a company to respond to quality problems?

<p>By being transparent and responsibly with defects or risk. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should the following stakeholders be considered? (Customers, Shareholders, Employees, Suppliers, Society)

<p>They must be the company's central point and mission for ethical success. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What best describes TQM?

<p>The company's long-term philosophy which extends from suppliers to customers. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What's the best analogy to describe an organization's continuous improvement?

<p>A journey, not a destination. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do well-managed supply chains with high-quality inputs contribute to a company's response strategy?

<p>By enabling firms to quickly adapt to customer needs through improved market responsiveness. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between standardized processes, process automation, and continuous improvement in manufacturing and service operations?

<p>They collectively ensure consistent quality in operations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of quality management, why is it important for organizations to act transparently and responsibly when defects or risks are identified?

<p>To maintain public trust and avoid severe legal consequences. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does integrating customer feedback into product design through methods like Quality Function Deployment (QFD) affect product outcomes?

<p>It ensures that products meet market expectations and customer needs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the Andon system play in manufacturing and service quality, as highlighted in the Toyota case study?

<p>It empowers workers to halt production upon defect detection, preventing major quality issues. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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