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Questions and Answers
What is one key characteristic of qualitative research?
What is one key characteristic of qualitative research?
What was the significance of the 'crisis' in psychology during the late 1960s and early 1970s?
What was the significance of the 'crisis' in psychology during the late 1960s and early 1970s?
How does qualitative research address issues with the scientific method?
How does qualitative research address issues with the scientific method?
What did Parker identify as a significant outcome of the 'three horrors'?
What did Parker identify as a significant outcome of the 'three horrors'?
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Which of the following is a potential limitation of qualitative research?
Which of the following is a potential limitation of qualitative research?
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What type of research involves the systematic creation of measures before data collection?
What type of research involves the systematic creation of measures before data collection?
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Which form of data is typically utilized in qualitative research?
Which form of data is typically utilized in qualitative research?
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In which type of research is theory predominantly causal and deductive?
In which type of research is theory predominantly causal and deductive?
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How are analysis procedures fundamentally different between qualitative and quantitative research?
How are analysis procedures fundamentally different between qualitative and quantitative research?
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What is a key characteristic of qualitative research procedures?
What is a key characteristic of qualitative research procedures?
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Why is understanding quantitative methodology crucial for defining qualitative methodology?
Why is understanding quantitative methodology crucial for defining qualitative methodology?
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What method typically accompanies qualitative research in the analysis phase?
What method typically accompanies qualitative research in the analysis phase?
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What is the primary focus of quantitative research compared to qualitative research?
What is the primary focus of quantitative research compared to qualitative research?
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What criticism led to the development of qualitative methodology?
What criticism led to the development of qualitative methodology?
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What does the hypothetico-deductive model in psychology aim to discover?
What does the hypothetico-deductive model in psychology aim to discover?
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What aspect of research was deemed superior by Laher (2001) regarding the scientific method?
What aspect of research was deemed superior by Laher (2001) regarding the scientific method?
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What were Parker's 'three methodological horrors' primarily concerned with?
What were Parker's 'three methodological horrors' primarily concerned with?
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How did psychology traditionally adjust its theories according to empirical testing?
How did psychology traditionally adjust its theories according to empirical testing?
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What does the phrase 'ecological validity' refer to in the context of quantitative methodology?
What does the phrase 'ecological validity' refer to in the context of quantitative methodology?
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Which approach dominated psychology in the twentieth century?
Which approach dominated psychology in the twentieth century?
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What does the gap described by Parker refer to?
What does the gap described by Parker refer to?
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What is the main purpose of conducting a five-minute observation in the class exercise?
What is the main purpose of conducting a five-minute observation in the class exercise?
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When reviewing notes from the observation, what aspect should a participant focus on to distinguish between subjective and objective observations?
When reviewing notes from the observation, what aspect should a participant focus on to distinguish between subjective and objective observations?
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How is the quantitative-qualitative divide characterized in social and psychological research?
How is the quantitative-qualitative divide characterized in social and psychological research?
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What are participants encouraged to identify from their opinions and interpretations during the observation exercise?
What are participants encouraged to identify from their opinions and interpretations during the observation exercise?
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What does the 'three methodological horrors' refer to in the context of qualitative research development?
What does the 'three methodological horrors' refer to in the context of qualitative research development?
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What is the main distinction between qualitative and quantitative research regarding the GAP?
What is the main distinction between qualitative and quantitative research regarding the GAP?
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Which of the following describes the concept of indexicality in qualitative research?
Which of the following describes the concept of indexicality in qualitative research?
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How do qualitative methods treat subjectivity in research?
How do qualitative methods treat subjectivity in research?
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What does inconcludability imply in qualitative research?
What does inconcludability imply in qualitative research?
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What is the goal of qualitative research in regard to its findings?
What is the goal of qualitative research in regard to its findings?
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How does reflexivity affect the qualitative research process?
How does reflexivity affect the qualitative research process?
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What is the stance of qualitative researchers regarding replicability of their work?
What is the stance of qualitative researchers regarding replicability of their work?
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Which of the following statements best represents qualitative research's approach to change?
Which of the following statements best represents qualitative research's approach to change?
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Study Notes
Qualitative Research
- Qualitative research aims to capture and discover meaning, unlike quantitative research which focuses on hypothesis testing.
- Qualitative research emerged as a response to the limitations of quantitative research in psychology.
- The "crisis" in psychology during the 1960s and 1970s highlighted limitations in the application of quantitative research.
- It emerged as a response to the problems posed by the scientific method, which aimed for objectivity in research.
- Parker (1994) identified three "methodological horrors" that challenge traditional quantitative research: indexicality, inconcludability, and reflexivity.
Indexicality
- Explanations are tied to specific occasions, times, and contexts.
- Qualitative research welcomes this variability as it often aims to be context-specific, focusing on capturing the unique aspects of a particular situation.
Inconcludability
- Qualitative research acknowledges that an account is always incomplete and can always be supplemented with more information, evolving as it is developed.
Reflexivity
- Reflexivity acknowledges the influence of the researcher's subjectivity on the research process, including the way they perceive and characterize the phenomenon under investigation.
- Qualitative methods embrace the researcher's subjectivity as a resource, rather than trying to eliminate it.
The Quantitative-Qualitative Divide
- The quantitative-qualitative divide in research distinguishes these two approaches based on their methods and fundamental aims.
- Quantitative research typically focuses on objective data analysis, while qualitative research centers on understanding meanings, interpretations, and experiences.
Key Differences:
- Concepts: Quantitative research focuses on distinct variables, while qualitative research explores themes, motifs, and patterns.
- Measures: Quantitative research uses pre-defined, standardized measures, while qualitative research develops measures specifically for the research context.
- Data Collection: Quantitative research uses numbers, while qualitative research relies on words from documents, observations, and transcripts.
- Theory: Quantitative research emphasizes causal and deductive reasoning, while qualitative research can be causal or non-causal, often using inductive reasoning.
Limitations of Qualitative Research:
- Difficulty in replicating results due to the focus on context-specific findings.
- Potential bias due to the researcher's subjectivity.
- Challenges in generalizing findings to wider populations.
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Description
This quiz explores the fundamental concepts of qualitative research, emphasizing its emergence as a reaction to quantitative methods in psychology. It discusses key issues such as indexicality, inconcludability, and reflexivity, which challenge traditional quantitative research approaches.
