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Qualitative Research Overview
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Qualitative Research Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is one key characteristic of qualitative research?

  • It ignores the researcher's subjectivity.
  • It involves acknowledging personal interaction. (correct)
  • It relies solely on numerical data.
  • It focuses primarily on hypothesis testing.

    • What was the significance of the 'crisis' in psychology during the late 1960s and early 1970s?

  • It highlighted the effectiveness of quantitative methods.
  • It was a period of complete rejection of qualitative methods.
  • It demonstrated that psychology was a purely scientific discipline.
  • It marked a transition to more interpretative approaches. (correct)

    • How does qualitative research address issues with the scientific method?

  • By incorporating subjective interpretations in analysis. (correct)
  • By adhering strictly to statistical analyses.
  • By eliminating researcher biases entirely.
  • By focusing on objective measurements.

    • What did Parker identify as a significant outcome of the 'three horrors'?

    <p>The recognition of qualitative methods as a solution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential limitation of qualitative research?

    <p>It often lacks the ability to generalize findings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of research involves the systematic creation of measures before data collection?

    <p>Quantitative research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which form of data is typically utilized in qualitative research?

    <p>Words from transcripts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of research is theory predominantly causal and deductive?

    <p>Quantitative research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are analysis procedures fundamentally different between qualitative and quantitative research?

    <p>Quantitative uses statistical analysis, while qualitative extracts themes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of qualitative research procedures?

    <p>They are unique to the individual setting or researcher.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is understanding quantitative methodology crucial for defining qualitative methodology?

    <p>Defining qualitative often requires counterpositioning against quantitative methods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What method typically accompanies qualitative research in the analysis phase?

    <p>Extraction of themes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of quantitative research compared to qualitative research?

    <p>Testing hypotheses through measurable variables.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What criticism led to the development of qualitative methodology?

    <p>Problems within quantitative methodology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the hypothetico-deductive model in psychology aim to discover?

    <p>Theories governing cause-and-effect relationships</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of research was deemed superior by Laher (2001) regarding the scientific method?

    <p>Ability to make 'objective' observations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were Parker's 'three methodological horrors' primarily concerned with?

    <p>Context, meaning, and interpretation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did psychology traditionally adjust its theories according to empirical testing?

    <p>By accommodating new facts as they arise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the phrase 'ecological validity' refer to in the context of quantitative methodology?

    <p>Generalizability of theory to real-world settings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which approach dominated psychology in the twentieth century?

    <p>Hypothetico-deductive model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the gap described by Parker refer to?

    <p>Separation between reality and perception</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of conducting a five-minute observation in the class exercise?

    <p>To practice qualitative research methods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When reviewing notes from the observation, what aspect should a participant focus on to distinguish between subjective and objective observations?

    <p>The social and cultural influences on their opinions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the quantitative-qualitative divide characterized in social and psychological research?

    <p>As entirely separate and coherent methods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are participants encouraged to identify from their opinions and interpretations during the observation exercise?

    <p>The influences of their cultural backgrounds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'three methodological horrors' refer to in the context of qualitative research development?

    <p>The biases in qualitative interpretation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main distinction between qualitative and quantitative research regarding the GAP?

    <p>Qualitative research works with the GAP.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the concept of indexicality in qualitative research?

    <p>Explanations are always tied to specific occasions and contexts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do qualitative methods treat subjectivity in research?

    <p>As a resource to enhance understanding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does inconcludability imply in qualitative research?

    <p>An account can be enhanced and modified over time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of qualitative research in regard to its findings?

    <p>To describe specific contexts rather than formulate general rules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does reflexivity affect the qualitative research process?

    <p>It acknowledges that characterization affects perception and understanding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the stance of qualitative researchers regarding replicability of their work?

    <p>They admit their work is not perfectly replicable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best represents qualitative research's approach to change?

    <p>Change and openness are welcomed in qualitative research.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Qualitative Research

    • Qualitative research aims to capture and discover meaning, unlike quantitative research which focuses on hypothesis testing.
    • Qualitative research emerged as a response to the limitations of quantitative research in psychology.
    • The "crisis" in psychology during the 1960s and 1970s highlighted limitations in the application of quantitative research.
    • It emerged as a response to the problems posed by the scientific method, which aimed for objectivity in research.
    • Parker (1994) identified three "methodological horrors" that challenge traditional quantitative research: indexicality, inconcludability, and reflexivity.

    Indexicality

    • Explanations are tied to specific occasions, times, and contexts.
    • Qualitative research welcomes this variability as it often aims to be context-specific, focusing on capturing the unique aspects of a particular situation.

    Inconcludability

    • Qualitative research acknowledges that an account is always incomplete and can always be supplemented with more information, evolving as it is developed.

    Reflexivity

    • Reflexivity acknowledges the influence of the researcher's subjectivity on the research process, including the way they perceive and characterize the phenomenon under investigation.
    • Qualitative methods embrace the researcher's subjectivity as a resource, rather than trying to eliminate it.

    The Quantitative-Qualitative Divide

    • The quantitative-qualitative divide in research distinguishes these two approaches based on their methods and fundamental aims.
    • Quantitative research typically focuses on objective data analysis, while qualitative research centers on understanding meanings, interpretations, and experiences.

    Key Differences:

    • Concepts: Quantitative research focuses on distinct variables, while qualitative research explores themes, motifs, and patterns.
    • Measures: Quantitative research uses pre-defined, standardized measures, while qualitative research develops measures specifically for the research context.
    • Data Collection: Quantitative research uses numbers, while qualitative research relies on words from documents, observations, and transcripts.
    • Theory: Quantitative research emphasizes causal and deductive reasoning, while qualitative research can be causal or non-causal, often using inductive reasoning.

    Limitations of Qualitative Research:

    • Difficulty in replicating results due to the focus on context-specific findings.
    • Potential bias due to the researcher's subjectivity.
    • Challenges in generalizing findings to wider populations.

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    Related Documents

    The qualitative quantitative divide Class 2 Week 1.pdf

    Description

    This quiz explores the fundamental concepts of qualitative research, emphasizing its emergence as a reaction to quantitative methods in psychology. It discusses key issues such as indexicality, inconcludability, and reflexivity, which challenge traditional quantitative research approaches.

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