Qualitative Research Methods Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is a primary characteristic of descriptive research?

  • It involves manipulation of variables.
  • It identifies cause-and-effect relationships.
  • It generalizes findings to larger populations.
  • It provides a clear description of a specific phenomenon. (correct)

    • Which of the following is a disadvantage of descriptive research?

  • It is expensive and time-consuming.
  • It does not identify the cause behind a phenomenon. (correct)
  • It cannot collect a large amount of data.
  • It requires minimal skill from researchers.

    • Which research method would be appropriate to find out if smartphone usage affects school grades?

  • Descriptive research
  • Ethnographic research
  • Experimental research (correct)
  • Correlational research

    • What is one advantage of using descriptive research?

    <p>It allows for detailed study based on qualitative data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the results of descriptive research be characterized over time?

    <p>They are subject to significant changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of research does not aim to make conclusions but rather to initiate the research process?

    <p>Exploratory research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the response rate in descriptive research?

    <p>It tends to be low, impacting research effectiveness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an illustration of descriptive research?

    <p>Surveying the daily routine of a group of teenagers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of phenomenological research?

    <p>To describe an experience as it is actually lived</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of research emphasizes the importance of personal perspective and interpretation?

    <p>Qualitative research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant limitation often found in historical research?

    <p>It may not identify the cause of a problem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key characteristic of applied research?

    <p>It aims to solve practical problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What common issue may arise when using existing information in research?

    <p>The sources may conflict or be obsolete</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which research design is most likely to be utilized for understanding ongoing trends and problems?

    <p>Descriptive research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What best describes the inductive approach of grounded theory research?

    <p>It gathers data to develop theory rather than testing it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of research typically involves extensive fieldwork and immersion in a culture?

    <p>Ethnographic research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of quantitative research?

    <p>Systematic empirical investigation via statistical techniques</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of quantitative research?

    <p>Subjective interpretation of findings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one disadvantage of quantitative research?

    <p>It ignores the context of the study</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is commonly used in quantitative research?

    <p>Statistical modeling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quantitative research is best suited for which of the following?

    <p>Testing hypotheses using statistics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does quantitative research typically collect data?

    <p>Using predetermined instruments and structured methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common application of quantitative research?

    <p>Testing consumer preferences in large populations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential limitation regarding sample size in quantitative research?

    <p>A large sample is needed for more accurate results</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary characteristic of correlational research?

    <p>It collects extensive information from many subjects simultaneously.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of research is known for providing an accurate portrayal of characteristics of individuals or groups?

    <p>Descriptive research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a limitation of correlational research?

    <p>Correlation does not indicate causation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which research method involves directly comparing blood pressure levels after listening to music?

    <p>Experimental research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does exploratory research primarily aim to accomplish?

    <p>Seek new insights and understanding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does qualitative research primarily differ from quantitative research?

    <p>It focuses on subjective data and experiences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining feature of historical research?

    <p>It studies past events to understand their impact.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In research terminology, what does the term 'grounded theory' refer to?

    <p>Theory derived from data collected in qualitative research.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of ethnographic research?

    <p>In-depth study of cultures and their members</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a method commonly used in ethnographic research?

    <p>Surveys with closed-ended questions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of experimental research?

    <p>It best establishes cause-and-effect relationships.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of experimental research, what does the independent variable represent?

    <p>It is the variable that is manipulated to observe its effect.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of research focuses on the systematic collection and analysis of data to develop theories about cultural behavior?

    <p>Ethnographic research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a typical disadvantage of experimental research?

    <p>Artificiality in the research setting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following research types is particularly concerned with predicting and controlling phenomena?

    <p>Experimental research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In experimental research, the dependent variable is defined as what?

    <p>The outcome variable that is measured.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Research Methodologies Overview

    • Ethnographic Research: In-depth study of cultures through participant observation and interviews to develop theories of cultural behavior.
    • Experimental Research: Systematic investigation focused on predicting and controlling phenomena through manipulative experiments.
    • Exploratory Research: Initial research to identify variables and potential pathways, often leading to hypotheses formation.
    • Grounded Theory Research: Generates theories grounded in data systematically gathered and analyzed.
    • Historical Research: Investigative approach to study past events and their implications using available records and artifacts.
    • Phenomenological Research: Focuses on understanding lived experiences from the individual's perspective, aiming to describe these experiences qualitatively.
    • Qualitative Research: Emphasizes understanding human behavior and social phenomena through non-numeric data.
    • Quantitative Research: Systematic investigation using statistical, mathematical, or computational techniques to establish patterns and test theories.
    • Applied Research: Designed to solve practical problems and improve processes or products.
    • Basic Research: Aimed at gaining more comprehensive knowledge without immediate practical applications.

    Research Types and Methods

    • Correlational Research: Examines the relationship between two or more variables without assigning them to a control or experimental group.
    • Descriptive Research: Accurately portrays characteristics of a specific group or phenomenon, often using statistical methods.

    Advantages and Disadvantages of Research Types

    • Correlation Research Advantages:

      • Collects information from a large number of subjects simultaneously.
      • Studies a wide range of variables and their interactions.
      • Investigates variables not easily manipulated in a laboratory.

    • Correlation Research Disadvantages:

      • Does not imply causation (cannot determine cause-effect relationships).

    • Descriptive Research Advantages:

      • More cost-effective and less time-intensive compared to experimental designs.
      • Enables detailed observational notes for comprehensive studies.
      • Serves as a foundational approach prior to delving deeper into hypotheses.

    • Descriptive Research Disadvantages:

      • Requires skilled interpretation.
      • Low response rates can affect results.
      • Changes over time can lead to varying results.

    Example Research Application

    • In a study examining smartphone use among teenagers, findings such as “80% spend at least 4 hours per day” illustrates descriptive research, detailing the phenomenon without exploring causative factors.

    Characteristics of Quantitative Research

    • Quantitative Research Definition: Involves systematic empirical investigation of phenomena via statistical and mathematical techniques.
    • Techniques Used:
      • Development of mathematical models and hypotheses.
      • Experimental design for controlling variables.
      • Collection and analysis of empirical data.

    Advantages and Disadvantages of Quantitative Research

    • Advantages:

      • Facilitates measurement and analysis of data with statistical techniques.
      • Promotes objectivity, minimizing personal bias in findings.

    • Disadvantages:

      • May overlook context and meaning behind phenomena.
      • Often excludes naturalistic settings, focusing instead on controlled environments.
      • Requires extensive sampling for reliable results.

    Summary

    The outlined research methodologies provide critical frameworks for inquiry across various fields, each with unique strengths and challenges. Familiarity with these methods enhances the ability to conduct thorough and effective research.

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    Related Documents

    Types of Research - PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores various qualitative research methods including ethnographic, experimental, exploratory, grounded theory, and historical research. Understand how these methods establish relationships between variables and their applications in different contexts. Get familiar with the nuances of each approach and their significance in social sciences.

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