Qualitative QC at Wells and on Maps for Inversion Predictions

Inversion Calibration = Fine-tuning inversion parameters Inversion Analysis = Examining target zone before full inversion Inversion Type Selection = Selecting type of inversion to run Wavelet Scaling = Adjusting wavelet for inversion process

Data Accuracy vs. Model Smoothness = Achieving desired balance in inversion process Parameters Tuning = Adjusting set of parameters based on inversion type and software Misfit Function = Extra function affecting balance of all parameters Seismic Variability = Related to lateral and vertical variability of the solution

Reviewing Inversion Parameter Testing = Ensuring accuracy of parameter testing Exploring Quality Control of Results = Checking reliability of subsurface models Using Inversion Results for Interpretation = Applying results to porosity and facies interpretation Calibrating Inversion Parameters = Fine-tuning parameters before full inversion

<p>Balance between Data Accuracy and Model Smoothness = Critical for reliable subsurface models Adjusting Single Weight = Can disrupt overall parameter balance Global Parameters for Simultaneous Inversion = Related to seismic, initial model, and solution variability Disruption due to Extra Misfit Function = Affects all parameters in the inversion</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Limited Resolution = Difficulty in accurately resolving thin layers and small-scale features Non-Uniqueness = Involves solving an inverse problem with multiple similar solutions Seismic data quality = Affected by noise, acquisition limitations, and incomplete coverage Handling Heterogeneity = Challenges in accurately capturing subsurface variations</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Advanced algorithms = Required for overcoming inversion challenges Integration of multiple data sources = Helps in improving accuracy by combining different information Expertise in interpreting seismic data = Necessary for accurate analysis and interpretation Incorporating additional constraints = Aids in mitigating uncertainties and improving results</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Optimal setting for each inversion parameter = Determining the best configuration for parameters Quality control of final result = Crucial step to ensure compliance with expectations Direct computation of reservoir properties = Utilizing inversion results for property estimation Creating lithology volumes using different techniques = Alternative method for interpreting inversion results</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Quantitative QC = Involves cross-plotting well log and inverted elastic properties for comparison Qualitative QC = Includes comparison of the inversion results to well logs for correct elastic properties Additional Information QC = Uses pre-stack data to discriminate between reservoir lithologies Lateral Variation QC = Calculates maps of mean, maximum, or minimum values of inverted elastic properties for observation of lateral attribute variation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inversion Interpretation = Defining reservoir properties like porosity and lithology volumes Porosity Estimation = Deriving porosity from inverted P-impedance using linear regression from well logs Lithology Volume Determination = Obtaining relevant outputs from elastic inversion to determine lithology volumes Reservoir Quality Prediction = Creating a 3D porosity volume using probabilistic techniques like Emerge technology</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>P-Impedance = Coal Vp/Vs Ratio = Pay Sands Simultaneous Inversion Results = Creation of a 3D lithology volume Probabilistic Classification = Takes into account uncertainty for each facies</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cross-Plotting = Comparing well log and inverted versions of elastic properties Creating Maps = Observing lateral variation of attributes and detecting anomalies or imprints Drawing Polygons in Elastic Domain = Obtaining discrimination between different facies based on Ip-Vp/Vs relationships Coloring Wells by Lithology = Overlying wells with colors based on lithology for clear visualization</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Residuals = The difference between seismic data and synthetic trace generated from inverted properties P-Impedance = Primary impedance model used in seismic inversion Seismic-Synthetic comparison = Evaluating how well the synthetic seismic data matches the actual seismic data Vp/Vs ratio = A seismic attribute used to analyze subsurface properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Spatial and vertical variations coherence = Main results and compliancy with seismic data Geological coherency verification = Inversion results at well locations Comparison between two sets of data = Qualitative assessment in QC Statistical attributes comparison = Quantitative assessment in QC</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Testing parameters individually = Determining optimal settings for each inversion parameter Applying inversion parameters to the whole area = Quality control to ensure consistency of results over the area of interest Comparing inverted and measured well logs = Assessing impact of parameter changes on inversion results Visually inspecting spatial variations = Examining both spatial and temporal variations in the results</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>QC tools integrated into software = Control effect of changing parameters visually Sensitivity analyses and trial runs = Assess impact of parameter changes on inversion results iteratively Thorough testing of interconnected parameters = Determine effect of one parameter at a time Visual comparison of synthetic and seismic traces = Examine difference between synthetic and seismic data</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Misfit functions interconnected = Minimizing one misfit may lead to increased misfit in others Sparse model achievement = Accompanies significant data mismatch often Significant Fseismic value = Indicates large data mismatch in inversion Low Fcontrast value = Indicates a sparse model achieved</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Absolute P-Impedance = One of the main results checked for compliance with expectations Density measurement = Sometimes included in main results for compliance check Residuals calculation = Comparison between seismic data and synthetic traces for quality assessment Relative attributes without low frequency model = Quantitative assessment using statistical attributes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Initial P-Impedance model display = Comparison with Inverted P-Impedance model for anomalies detection Seismic data display = Used to calculate residuals for noise assessment Residual display = Checking unexplained seismic energy after inversion process Comparison between initial model and final result = To analyze imprint of initial model on final results</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Presence of primary energy in residuals = Indicates inversion may be too constrained to model all seismic data Inability to explain AVO response in residuals = Highlights alignment issues or strong amplitudes that need attention Detection of unexpected anomalies in elastic properties = Identifying abnormalities not expected after inversion process Appreciation of high-frequency information from seismic data in final results = Understanding contribution of seismic data on final elastic properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Qualitative assessment in QC = Comparison between two sets of data visually or statistically Quantitative assessment in QC = Calculating statistical attributes for numerical comparison</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Seismic Inversion Workflow - Inversion QC = Quality control stage post selection of inversion parameters for consistency check Inversion Quality Controls = Crucial step involving verification of final results' compliance with expectations</p> Signup and view all the answers