Neoplasms PArt 3

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Questions and Answers

What are the 3 methods of TP53?

quiescence; activation of temporary cell cycle arrest senescence: induction of permanent cell cycle arrest apoptosis: programmed cell death

KRAS

a gene that makes a protein involved in cell growth signaling. Can stay on cells permanently leading to cancer.

NRAS

controls cell division and differentiation and mutated NRAS can lead to unregulated cell growth.

EGFR

A receptor on cell surfaces that tells cells to grow and divide when activated. Leads to excessive cell division. Signup and view all the answers

Tumor suppressor gene

Definition: A gene that normally functions to control cell growth and division, repair DNA damage, or trigger apoptosis (programmed cell death). In Neoplasia: When tumor suppressor genes are inactivated or mutated, cells can grow uncontrollably, contributing to tumor development. Signup and view all the answers

Methylation

Definition: The addition of a methyl group to DNA, usually at CpG islands near gene promoters, which typically silences gene expression. In Neoplasia: Hypermethylation can silence tumor suppressor genes, while global hypomethylation can cause chromosomal instability. Signup and view all the answers

translocation

Definition: A chromosomal abnormality where segments of chromosomes are rearranged or exchanged. In Neoplasia: Translocations can result in fusion genes or misregulation of oncogenes, leading to uncontrolled cell growth. Signup and view all the answers