Untitled Quiz

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson
Download our mobile app to listen on the go
Get App

Questions and Answers

What does the term 'self-concept' represent?

  • The perception others have of an individual
  • The ideal person one wishes to become
  • The awareness of one's identity and thoughts about oneself (correct)
  • The societal roles one is expected to play

Which of the following best describes the 'real self'?

  • The self that embodies one's aspirations and dreams
  • The self that is shaped by negative feedback from others
  • The self that represents actual experiences and comfort with being oneself (correct)
  • The self that is influenced by societal expectations

How does self-esteem primarily develop according to social interactions?

  • It is fixed and not influenced by others
  • It remains unchanged regardless of life experiences
  • It develops through negative responses from others
  • It is shaped by the comparison with others and their responses (correct)

What is the primary difference between 'real self' and 'ideal self'?

<p>Real self comprises one's experiences while ideal self comprises one's aspirations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect does 'self-image' influence according to the content?

<p>How an individual thinks, feels, and behaves in their environment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which psychologist is associated with the development of the self theory?

<p>Dr. Carl Rogers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the information, which of the following describes 'ideal self'?

<p>Embodies goals and ambitions one strives to achieve (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can affect one's self-image as described in the content?

<p>Personal experiences and feedback (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe an adolescent's first ejaculation or nocturnal emission?

<p>Semenarche (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which concept refers to the belief that others are paying more attention to one’s appearance than they actually are?

<p>Imaginary audience (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What describes a person with a low self-esteem?

<p>They may not perceive themselves as beautiful. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a societal ideal for women’s body image?

<p>Muscled physique (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is a healthy body image characterized?

<p>Acceptance of one’s body (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of a cultural or societal level analysis of identity?

<p>Cultural concept of oneself (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the material self refer to in the context of identity?

<p>Possessions as representations of self (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is associated with a poor body image?

<p>Negative feelings about physical appearance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic is commonly associated with Eastern people compared to Western people?

<p>Submissive behavior (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes self-awareness?

<p>Recognizing one's own thoughts and how they affect interactions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'puberty' refer to?

<p>A brain-neuroendocrine process triggering rapid changes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of self-understanding involves questioning the motivations behind one’s thoughts and actions?

<p>Self-reflection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primarily defines a healthy self-image?

<p>Acceptance of oneself and being loved by others (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by self-knowledge?

<p>Understanding of one's own strengths and weaknesses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a defining trait of an individual's physical characteristics?

<p>Behavioral patterns (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a positive self-image affect an individual's overall well-being?

<p>It boosts mental, emotional, and spiritual well-being (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Me' refer to in William James' theory of self?

<p>The self that engages in self-reflection and observation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the 'I' aspect of self according to William James?

<p>The agent that perceives and acts in the world (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does William James categorize the self in terms of mental processes?

<p>As a self that can be both an object and a perceiver (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following exemplifies the 'Me' aspect of the self?

<p>Reflecting on one's character traits (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the 'I' play when an individual adapts to a new situation?

<p>It actively engages with the new environment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of the 'I' when making daily decisions?

<p>Deciding what to eat for breakfast (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to William James, which of the following aspects does not describe the 'Me'?

<p>Authoring new life decisions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

William James' theory of the self emphasizes the distinction between which two aspects?

<p>The objective view and the subjective experience (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primarily influences the development of self-concepts in consumers?

<p>Cultural factors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to an individual's identification as male, female, or something else?

<p>Gender Identity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What constitutes the 'economic self'?

<p>Self-interest in economic activities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of love as described in the content?

<p>Concern for others' well-being (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes asexuality?

<p>A lack of sexual attraction to either sex (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'androgyny' refer to in terms of gender identification?

<p>A combination of masculine and feminine traits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of 'hypersexual'?

<p>A person with excessive sexual interest causing life problems (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of consumer behavior does 'economic self-interest' reflect?

<p>Financial motivations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of Eros love?

<p>Strong sexual and emotional components (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of love is primarily based on friendship and nonsexual affection?

<p>Storge (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What describes the characteristics of Ludus love?

<p>Love as a game without serious emotion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of love is characterized by high physiological arousal and may fade quickly?

<p>Infatuation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes Mania love?

<p>It involves obsessive feelings and possessiveness. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which love type involves only commitment without intimacy or passion?

<p>Empty love (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In John Lee's love styles, which type emphasizes physical attraction and is often short-lived?

<p>Eros (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between Romantic love and Liking in Sternberg's types of love?

<p>Romantic love involves passion; Liking does not (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

William James' Theory of Self

A theory that categorizes the self into two aspects: the "Me" (the self as an object, observed and evaluated) and the "I" (the self as a perceiver and agent).

"Me" (Object Self)

The way we think about and describe ourselves, including our physical appearance, personal attributes, interests, and social roles.

"I" (Experiencing Self)

The active, subjective, and experiencing aspect of the self that perceives, acts, and makes decisions.

Psychological Self

The science of the mind and behavior.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Self-Concept

The mental picture of oneself, formed through observations.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Personal Attributes

Your qualities, traits, and characteristics.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Social Roles

The positions and functions you hold in society (e.g., student, friend).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Personal Agency

Your ability to act independently and make choices.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Real Self

Our actual experiences, thoughts, feelings, and actions. It's who we truly are, making us feel comfortable.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Ideal Self

Our desired future self. It includes our goals, aspirations, and ambitions in life.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Self-Image

How we perceive ourselves. It's how we see ourselves, which might not always reflect reality.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Self-Esteem

Our sense of self-worth. It's determined by our self-comparisons and how others see us.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Generalized Other

Our understanding of how society views us.

Signup and view all the flashcards

True Self

The core of one's being, independent of external influences or expectations. This is a key concept by Donald W. Winnicott.

Signup and view all the flashcards

False Self

A persona adopted to meet societal expectations or to avoid discomfort. Introduced by Donald W. Winnicott.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Eastern vs. Western Personalities

Eastern people tend to be more submissive, accepting decisions made by others; Western people are more direct and outspoken.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Self-Understanding

A person's cognitive representation of themselves, including thoughts, emotions, and behaviors.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Self-Awareness

Recognizing your thoughts, emotions, and behaviors, and how they influence you.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Self-Reflection

Analyzing your motivations, goals, and experiences to understand why you think and act.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Self-Knowledge

Knowing your strengths, weaknesses, preferences, and dislikes including skills, passions, and growth areas.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Physical Self

The physical structure and material of a person, expressed through actions and feelings.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Physical Characteristics

The traits and features of a person's body.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Puberty

A brain and hormone process in adolescence causing rapid physical changes.

Signup and view all the flashcards

SPEMARCHE

The first ejaculation or nocturnal emission (wet dreams) experienced by boys during puberty.

Signup and view all the flashcards

BODY IMAGE

How a person sees themselves, both physically and mentally, based on their perceptions and beliefs.

Signup and view all the flashcards

POOR BODY IMAGE

Negative thoughts and feelings about one's physical appearance, which can either be accurate or distorted.

Signup and view all the flashcards

HEALTHY BODY IMAGE

Positive thoughts, feelings, and acceptance of your body and its appearance.

Signup and view all the flashcards

IMAGINARY AUDIENCE

The belief that everyone is paying close attention to your appearance and actions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

SELF

The individual's internal sense of self, including their self-esteem, self-concept, and self-efficacy.

Signup and view all the flashcards

IDENTITY

How someone defines themselves based on social and cultural influences, including their beliefs, values, and roles.

Signup and view all the flashcards

CULTURE

A shared system of beliefs, values, and practices that defines the way a group of people live and interact.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Economic Self

The part of your identity that reflects your financial activities and goals. This includes your work, spending, and saving habits.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Gender Role

Societal expectations about how people of different genders should behave, think, and feel.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Gender Identity

A person's internal sense of being male, female, or another gender.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Masculine

Traits and behaviors a society considers typically associated with men.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Feminine

Traits and behaviors a society considers typically associated with women.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Androgyny

Having both masculine and feminine qualities.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Asexual

A person who doesn't experience sexual attraction to any gender.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Love

A feeling of deep affection and care for another person, often including physical intimacy and emotional support.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Eros Love Style

A passionate and romantic love style characterized by strong physical attraction and sexual desire. It focuses on the initial excitement of a new relationship.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Agape Love Style

An altruistic and selfless love style where the person prioritizes their partner's well-being above their own. It is characterized by unconditional support and love without expecting anything in return.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Storge Love Style

A love style based on deep friendship and non-sexual affection. This love develops gradually over time and emphasizes commitment, stability, and comfort.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Ludus Love Style

A playful and game-like love style where love is viewed as fun and entertainment. Ludic lovers prioritize freedom and avoid commitment or intimacy.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mania Love Style

An intense and obsessive love style marked by strong emotional dependence, possessiveness, and jealousy. This can lead to an out-of-control experience of love.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Infatuation

A type of love characterized by a high degree of physiological arousal and passion without intimacy or commitment. It's often described as 'love at first sight' and can fade quickly.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Empty Love

A type of love based solely on commitment, lacking intimacy and passion. Examples include couples who stay together for their children or other external reasons.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Romantic Love

A type of love that combines both passion and intimacy. It is often present in the early stages of a relationship.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Psychology - The Psychological Self

  • The psychological self is the study of the mind (mental processes) and behavior.
  • William James, an American philosopher and psychologist, proposed a theory of self.
  • The "Me" (self as an object): This perspective of self involves viewing oneself as an object, including self-concept, self-descriptions, and personal attributes. Examples include physical appearance, personal attributes, hobbies, and social roles.
  • The "I" (self as a perceiver): This perspective emphasizes the active and subjective experience of being the observer. This represents personal agency and decision-making in life. Examples include making decisions, experiencing emotions, and adapting to new situations.
  • The self is the humanistic term for who we really are.
  • Self-concept is our idea of who we are.
  • Researchers such as Carl Rogers and his theory of self (self-concept).
  • The self includes physical aspects.
  • The self includes internal and external representations.

Different components of the Self-Concept

  • Self-image: How we view ourselves, which doesn't always have to align with reality.
  • Self-esteem/Self-worth: The value placed on ourselves, influenced by how others perceive us. Positive responses are associated with higher self-esteem; negative perceptions may affect self-esteem negatively.
  • Real Self: Represents our actual experiences and who we are.
  • Ideal Self: Represents our goals and ambitions for who we want to be.

The Self in Western and Eastern Thought

  • Eastern cultures tend to be collectivist, prioritizing the group over the individual. "We" consciousness is important.
  • Western cultures are individualistic, emphasizing the individual and self-reliance. "I" consciousness is prominent.
  • Cultural background shapes our understanding of "who we are."
  • East Asians (including China, Japan, South Korea, North Korea, and Mongolia), Southeast Asians (including Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, the Philippines, Myanmar, Cambodia and Laos) and others are mentioned.

Physical Self

  • The physical self refers to the physical body and its aspects.
  • Physical characteristics are defining traits of a person's body.
  • Sigmund Freud associated developing self and personality with the physical embodiment.
  • The development of a healthy self-image is important.
  • Puberty involves rapid physical changes.
  • Menarche and Spermarche both mark the transition into adulthood.

The Material Self

  • The material self includes tangible objects (possessions) and people/places connected to us.
  • Material possessions represent our identities.
  • Possessions contribute to how people define themselves, their status and values.
  • Material possessions impact relationships and feelings through their symbolic representations.

Needs and Wants

  • Needs are essential for survival. Examples include basic requirements necessary for survival. Needs are limited/essential and relatively constant over time-often not changeable.
  • Wants are what we desire, beyond basic necessities. These are unlimited/inessential. Wants can change over time, driven by impulses and desires.

Sexual Self

  • Sexuality is the experience of being in a romantic relationship or attraction and physical intimacy.
  • Gender identity: The sense of being male, female, both, or neither.
  • Gender role: Societal expectations for how men and women should act and feel.
  • Sexual orientation: The direction of one's attraction, including heterosexual, homosexual (gay/lesbian, bisexual, etc).
  • Sexual behavior includes a variety of human relationships.

Differences between Eastern and Western cultures are discussed

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

More Like This

Untitled Quiz
37 questions

Untitled Quiz

WellReceivedSquirrel7948 avatar
WellReceivedSquirrel7948
Untitled Quiz
55 questions

Untitled Quiz

StatuesquePrimrose avatar
StatuesquePrimrose
Untitled Quiz
50 questions

Untitled Quiz

JoyousSulfur avatar
JoyousSulfur
Untitled Quiz
48 questions

Untitled Quiz

StraightforwardStatueOfLiberty avatar
StraightforwardStatueOfLiberty
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Browser