Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does the term 'self-concept' represent?
What does the term 'self-concept' represent?
- The perception others have of an individual
- The ideal person one wishes to become
- The awareness of one's identity and thoughts about oneself (correct)
- The societal roles one is expected to play
Which of the following best describes the 'real self'?
Which of the following best describes the 'real self'?
- The self that embodies one's aspirations and dreams
- The self that is shaped by negative feedback from others
- The self that represents actual experiences and comfort with being oneself (correct)
- The self that is influenced by societal expectations
How does self-esteem primarily develop according to social interactions?
How does self-esteem primarily develop according to social interactions?
- It is fixed and not influenced by others
- It remains unchanged regardless of life experiences
- It develops through negative responses from others
- It is shaped by the comparison with others and their responses (correct)
What is the primary difference between 'real self' and 'ideal self'?
What is the primary difference between 'real self' and 'ideal self'?
What aspect does 'self-image' influence according to the content?
What aspect does 'self-image' influence according to the content?
Which psychologist is associated with the development of the self theory?
Which psychologist is associated with the development of the self theory?
According to the information, which of the following describes 'ideal self'?
According to the information, which of the following describes 'ideal self'?
What can affect one's self-image as described in the content?
What can affect one's self-image as described in the content?
What is the term used to describe an adolescent's first ejaculation or nocturnal emission?
What is the term used to describe an adolescent's first ejaculation or nocturnal emission?
Which concept refers to the belief that others are paying more attention to one’s appearance than they actually are?
Which concept refers to the belief that others are paying more attention to one’s appearance than they actually are?
What describes a person with a low self-esteem?
What describes a person with a low self-esteem?
Which of the following is NOT considered a societal ideal for women’s body image?
Which of the following is NOT considered a societal ideal for women’s body image?
How is a healthy body image characterized?
How is a healthy body image characterized?
What is the primary focus of a cultural or societal level analysis of identity?
What is the primary focus of a cultural or societal level analysis of identity?
What does the material self refer to in the context of identity?
What does the material self refer to in the context of identity?
Which of the following is associated with a poor body image?
Which of the following is associated with a poor body image?
What characteristic is commonly associated with Eastern people compared to Western people?
What characteristic is commonly associated with Eastern people compared to Western people?
Which of the following statements best describes self-awareness?
Which of the following statements best describes self-awareness?
What does the term 'puberty' refer to?
What does the term 'puberty' refer to?
Which aspect of self-understanding involves questioning the motivations behind one’s thoughts and actions?
Which aspect of self-understanding involves questioning the motivations behind one’s thoughts and actions?
What primarily defines a healthy self-image?
What primarily defines a healthy self-image?
What is meant by self-knowledge?
What is meant by self-knowledge?
Which of the following is a defining trait of an individual's physical characteristics?
Which of the following is a defining trait of an individual's physical characteristics?
How does a positive self-image affect an individual's overall well-being?
How does a positive self-image affect an individual's overall well-being?
What does the term 'Me' refer to in William James' theory of self?
What does the term 'Me' refer to in William James' theory of self?
Which of the following best describes the 'I' aspect of self according to William James?
Which of the following best describes the 'I' aspect of self according to William James?
How does William James categorize the self in terms of mental processes?
How does William James categorize the self in terms of mental processes?
Which of the following exemplifies the 'Me' aspect of the self?
Which of the following exemplifies the 'Me' aspect of the self?
What role does the 'I' play when an individual adapts to a new situation?
What role does the 'I' play when an individual adapts to a new situation?
What is an example of the 'I' when making daily decisions?
What is an example of the 'I' when making daily decisions?
According to William James, which of the following aspects does not describe the 'Me'?
According to William James, which of the following aspects does not describe the 'Me'?
William James' theory of the self emphasizes the distinction between which two aspects?
William James' theory of the self emphasizes the distinction between which two aspects?
What primarily influences the development of self-concepts in consumers?
What primarily influences the development of self-concepts in consumers?
Which term refers to an individual's identification as male, female, or something else?
Which term refers to an individual's identification as male, female, or something else?
What constitutes the 'economic self'?
What constitutes the 'economic self'?
What is the primary characteristic of love as described in the content?
What is the primary characteristic of love as described in the content?
Which of the following best describes asexuality?
Which of the following best describes asexuality?
What does 'androgyny' refer to in terms of gender identification?
What does 'androgyny' refer to in terms of gender identification?
What is the definition of 'hypersexual'?
What is the definition of 'hypersexual'?
What aspect of consumer behavior does 'economic self-interest' reflect?
What aspect of consumer behavior does 'economic self-interest' reflect?
What is the primary characteristic of Eros love?
What is the primary characteristic of Eros love?
Which type of love is primarily based on friendship and nonsexual affection?
Which type of love is primarily based on friendship and nonsexual affection?
What describes the characteristics of Ludus love?
What describes the characteristics of Ludus love?
What type of love is characterized by high physiological arousal and may fade quickly?
What type of love is characterized by high physiological arousal and may fade quickly?
Which statement best describes Mania love?
Which statement best describes Mania love?
Which love type involves only commitment without intimacy or passion?
Which love type involves only commitment without intimacy or passion?
In John Lee's love styles, which type emphasizes physical attraction and is often short-lived?
In John Lee's love styles, which type emphasizes physical attraction and is often short-lived?
What is a key difference between Romantic love and Liking in Sternberg's types of love?
What is a key difference between Romantic love and Liking in Sternberg's types of love?
Flashcards
William James' Theory of Self
William James' Theory of Self
A theory that categorizes the self into two aspects: the "Me" (the self as an object, observed and evaluated) and the "I" (the self as a perceiver and agent).
"Me" (Object Self)
"Me" (Object Self)
The way we think about and describe ourselves, including our physical appearance, personal attributes, interests, and social roles.
"I" (Experiencing Self)
"I" (Experiencing Self)
The active, subjective, and experiencing aspect of the self that perceives, acts, and makes decisions.
Psychological Self
Psychological Self
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Self-Concept
Self-Concept
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Personal Attributes
Personal Attributes
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Social Roles
Social Roles
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Personal Agency
Personal Agency
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Real Self
Real Self
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Ideal Self
Ideal Self
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Self-Image
Self-Image
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Self-Esteem
Self-Esteem
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Generalized Other
Generalized Other
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True Self
True Self
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False Self
False Self
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Eastern vs. Western Personalities
Eastern vs. Western Personalities
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Self-Understanding
Self-Understanding
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Self-Awareness
Self-Awareness
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Self-Reflection
Self-Reflection
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Self-Knowledge
Self-Knowledge
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Physical Self
Physical Self
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Physical Characteristics
Physical Characteristics
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Puberty
Puberty
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SPEMARCHE
SPEMARCHE
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BODY IMAGE
BODY IMAGE
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POOR BODY IMAGE
POOR BODY IMAGE
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HEALTHY BODY IMAGE
HEALTHY BODY IMAGE
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IMAGINARY AUDIENCE
IMAGINARY AUDIENCE
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SELF
SELF
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IDENTITY
IDENTITY
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CULTURE
CULTURE
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Economic Self
Economic Self
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Gender Role
Gender Role
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Gender Identity
Gender Identity
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Masculine
Masculine
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Feminine
Feminine
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Androgyny
Androgyny
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Asexual
Asexual
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Love
Love
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Eros Love Style
Eros Love Style
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Agape Love Style
Agape Love Style
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Storge Love Style
Storge Love Style
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Ludus Love Style
Ludus Love Style
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Mania Love Style
Mania Love Style
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Infatuation
Infatuation
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Empty Love
Empty Love
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Romantic Love
Romantic Love
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Study Notes
Psychology - The Psychological Self
- The psychological self is the study of the mind (mental processes) and behavior.
- William James, an American philosopher and psychologist, proposed a theory of self.
- The "Me" (self as an object): This perspective of self involves viewing oneself as an object, including self-concept, self-descriptions, and personal attributes. Examples include physical appearance, personal attributes, hobbies, and social roles.
- The "I" (self as a perceiver): This perspective emphasizes the active and subjective experience of being the observer. This represents personal agency and decision-making in life. Examples include making decisions, experiencing emotions, and adapting to new situations.
- The self is the humanistic term for who we really are.
- Self-concept is our idea of who we are.
- Researchers such as Carl Rogers and his theory of self (self-concept).
- The self includes physical aspects.
- The self includes internal and external representations.
Different components of the Self-Concept
- Self-image: How we view ourselves, which doesn't always have to align with reality.
- Self-esteem/Self-worth: The value placed on ourselves, influenced by how others perceive us. Positive responses are associated with higher self-esteem; negative perceptions may affect self-esteem negatively.
- Real Self: Represents our actual experiences and who we are.
- Ideal Self: Represents our goals and ambitions for who we want to be.
The Self in Western and Eastern Thought
- Eastern cultures tend to be collectivist, prioritizing the group over the individual. "We" consciousness is important.
- Western cultures are individualistic, emphasizing the individual and self-reliance. "I" consciousness is prominent.
- Cultural background shapes our understanding of "who we are."
- East Asians (including China, Japan, South Korea, North Korea, and Mongolia), Southeast Asians (including Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, the Philippines, Myanmar, Cambodia and Laos) and others are mentioned.
Physical Self
- The physical self refers to the physical body and its aspects.
- Physical characteristics are defining traits of a person's body.
- Sigmund Freud associated developing self and personality with the physical embodiment.
- The development of a healthy self-image is important.
- Puberty involves rapid physical changes.
- Menarche and Spermarche both mark the transition into adulthood.
The Material Self
- The material self includes tangible objects (possessions) and people/places connected to us.
- Material possessions represent our identities.
- Possessions contribute to how people define themselves, their status and values.
- Material possessions impact relationships and feelings through their symbolic representations.
Needs and Wants
- Needs are essential for survival. Examples include basic requirements necessary for survival. Needs are limited/essential and relatively constant over time-often not changeable.
- Wants are what we desire, beyond basic necessities. These are unlimited/inessential. Wants can change over time, driven by impulses and desires.
Sexual Self
- Sexuality is the experience of being in a romantic relationship or attraction and physical intimacy.
- Gender identity: The sense of being male, female, both, or neither.
- Gender role: Societal expectations for how men and women should act and feel.
- Sexual orientation: The direction of one's attraction, including heterosexual, homosexual (gay/lesbian, bisexual, etc).
- Sexual behavior includes a variety of human relationships.
Differences between Eastern and Western cultures are discussed
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