Pyxis of al-Mughira Flashcards

Pyxis of al-Mughira Overview

• The Pyxis of al-Mughira is a cylindrical box designed primarily for cosmetics.
• It was crafted during the Umayyad period, highlighting the artistic achievements of Islamic Spain.

Historical Context

• The artwork dates from 968 to 1492, a significant time when Muslims held dominion over the Iberian Peninsula (711-1492).
• Al-Mughira, son of a caliph, was the recipient of this exquisite gift.

Artistic Significance

• Now housed in The Louvre, this piece exemplifies the royal ivory carving tradition in Al-Andalus (Islamic Spain).
• The craftsmanship reflects a blend of cultural influences from the Islamic world combined with local traditions.

Material and Attributes

• Made from ivory, known for its durability, smooth texture, elegance, and ease of carving, making it a preferred material for artistic objects like diptychs and pyxides.

Iconography and Symbolism

• The pyxis features eight-lobed medallions adorned with figures and animals such as falconers, wrestlers, griffons, peacocks, goats, and other hunted animals.
• Scenes include two men collecting falcon eggs, symbolizing the Umayyad legitimization of power.
• A depicted figure holding a scepter and flask represents the Umayyad caliph, while another figure portrayed with a fan symbolizes the Abbasids.

Cultural References

• The absence of human figures in some parts reflects aniconic representation, a common practice in Islamic art.
• Lions featured in the artwork symbolize the victorious Umayyads, asserting their dominance and strength.
• A date-palm motif alludes to the lost lands of the East, enriching the narrative and historical reference embedded within the piece.

Historical Implications

• Al-Mughira's life ended under suspicious circumstances; following his brother's death, he was executed due to perceived threats to Hisham II's power.

Architectural Commissions in Al-Andalus

• Notable Islamic art monuments in Al-Andalus include the Great Mosque of Cordoba and the Alhambra Palace, showcasing the wealth and sophistication of the period's architecture and artistic expression.