Questions and Answers
Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory suggests that the twin corner stones of psychoanalysis are _____ and _____.
sex; aggression
A disorder typically characterized by paralysis or the improper functioning of certain body parts of the body is known as _____.
hysteria
While using catharsis, Sigmund Freud gradually and laboriously discovered the _____ technique.
free association
To Sigmund Freud, the _____ is the explanation for the meaning behind dreams, slips of the tongue, and certain kinds of forgetting, called repression.
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The forcing of unwanted, anxiety-ridden experiences into the unconscious as a defense against the pain of anxiety, is called ______.
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Sigmund Freud believed that a portion of the unconscious originated from the experiences of people's early ancestors known as _____ images.
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According to Sigmund Freud, the _____ level of the mind contains all those elements that are not conscious but can become conscious either quite readily or with some difficulty.
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_____ can be defined as those mental elements in awareness at any given point in time.
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What is perceived through sense organs, if not too threatening, enters into _____.
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Includes non-threatening ideas from the preconscious as well as menacing but well-disguised images from the unconscious.
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The id serves the _____ because its sole function is to seek _____.
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Identify a characteristic of the id.
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The _____, or I, is the only region of the mind in contact with reality.
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As the sole region of the mind in contact with the external world, the _____ becomes the decision-making or executive branch of personality.
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The _____, or above-I, represents the moral and ideal aspects of personality.
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The _____ results from experiences with punishments for improper behavior and tells people what they should not do.
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A well-developed _____ acts to control sexual and aggressive impulses through the process of repression.
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The _____ strives blindly and unrealistically toward perfection.
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According to Sigmund Freud, _____ operate as a constant motivating force.
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A drive's ____ is the amount of force it exerts.
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According to Sigmund Freud, the entire body is invested with _____ such that it influences behavioral urges.
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According to Sigmund Freud, the _____ drive can take either an active or passive form, or it can be temporarily or permanently inhibited.
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According to Sigmund Freud, _____ can take many forms, including narcissism, love, sadism, and masochism.
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The condition in which infants are primarily self-centered, with their libido invested almost exclusively on their own ego is known as _____.
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During puberty, adolescents often redirect their libido back into their ego and become preoccupied with personal appearance and other self-interests. This condition is known as _____.
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When overt sexual love for members of one's own family is repressed, a second type of love comes into existence.
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_____ becomes perverted when the sexual aim of erotic pleasure becomes secondary to the destructive aim.
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_____ is a common need, but it becomes a perversion when Eros becomes subservient to the destructive drive.
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True or False: The aim of the destructive drive, according to Sigmund Freud, is to return the organism to an organic state.
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Study Notes
Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory
- Twin cornerstones of psychoanalysis: sex and aggression.
- Key disorder characterized by paralysis or dysfunction: hysteria.
Therapeutic Techniques
- Catharsis led to the discovery of free association as the primary therapeutic technique, replacing hypnosis.
Levels of the Mind
- The unconscious explains meanings behind dreams, slips of the tongue, and repression.
- Repression: forced exclusion of anxiety-ridden experiences into the unconscious.
- Pre-conscious level: contains elements that aren't conscious but can become so.
- Consciousness: mental elements currently in awareness.
Mental Structures and Systems
- Perceptual consciousness system: non-threatening perceptions enter consciousness.
- Mental structure includes ideas from preconscious and disguised images from the unconscious.
The Id, Ego, and Superego
- The id operates on the pleasure principle, seeking pleasure.
- Characteristics of the id: illogical functioning.
- The ego, or "I," interfaces with reality and is responsible for decision-making.
- The superego represents moral ideals and dictates behaviors based on punishments and societal norms.
- Conscience: aspect of the superego informing what one should not do.
- A well-developed superego represses sexual and aggressive impulses through directives to the ego.
Drives and Libido
- Drives function as constant motivating forces; impetus measures the force of a drive.
- Libido: a form of energy invested in the entire body, primarily linked to sexual drive.
- Sexual drive can be active, passive, or inhibited temporarily or permanently.
- Sexual expression: can manifest as narcissism, love, sadism, or masochism.
Narcissism
- Primary narcissism: infants are self-centered, focusing libido on their own ego.
- Secondary narcissism: during adolescence, libido is redirected towards personal interests and appearance.
Love and Perversion
- Aim-inhibited love: develops when overt sexual love for family members is repressed.
- Sadism: perversion occurs when erotic pleasure is secondary to destructive intentions.
- Masochism: a common need that becomes a perversion when Eros is subordinate to destruction.
Misconceptions
- The destructive drive seeks to return the organism to an organic state: this statement is false.
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Description
Test your knowledge with these flashcards covering key concepts from Chapter 2 of PYSC 2303. Focus on Freud's theories, psychological disorders, and therapeutic techniques. A great way to reinforce your understanding of psychoanalysis!
