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Pyroclastic Flow: Volcanic Eruption Quiz

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Pyroclastic Flow: Volcanic Eruption Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What are ignimbrites?

Low density flows of gases and pyroclastic materials

Hot ash and rock falling from the sky

Deposits for pumice flows (correct)

Massive deposits of pumice and ash

What is the meaning of the word 'ignimbrite'?

Pyroclastic surge

Fire rain (correct)

Ash cloud surge

Volcanic eruption site

How do pyroclastic surges differ from ignimbrites?

Ignimbrites cause massive damage

Ignimbrites reach the speed of some hurricanes

Pyroclastic surges are deposits for pumice flows

Pyroclastic surges contain a higher proportion of gases and fewer solid particles (correct)

What is the main reason for pyroclastic surges being low density flows?

They contain a higher proportion of gases and fewer solid particles (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of pyroclastic surge occurs at the base of the eruptive column as it is collapsing?

Base Surge (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between a pyroclastic flow and a lava flow?

Pyroclastic flows consist of ash, hot gases, and rock fragments, while lava flows consist of molten rock. (D) Signup and view all the answers

In which type of eruption are pyroclastic flows typically generated?

Plinian eruption (A) Signup and view all the answers

What can cause the generation of a pyroclastic flow when the hot material is not immediately thrown into the air?

Eruption of a lava dome (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a lava dome according to the text?

A mound of water that solidifies around the vent of the volcano (C) Signup and view all the answers

When does the third type of pyroclastic flow occur according to the text?

When the lava dome or flow grows too steep and collapses (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason that pyroclastic flows are considered extremely dangerous?

They move at extremely high speeds and are extremely hot, burning everything in their path. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are the main components of pyroclastic flows?

Hot ash, gases, and lapilli (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why was the term 'nuee ardente' used to describe pyroclastic flows?

Due to the glowing red color from the presence of dense lava fragments that were not fully cooled. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between Nuee Ardente and Pumice flows?

Nuee Ardente flows result from the collapse of a lava dome, while Pumice flows result from explosive eruptions. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the word 'lapilli' in the context of pyroclastic materials?

Lapilli refers to small rock fragments with diameters between 2 and 64 mm that are ejected during an eruption and are a large portion of the material in a pyroclastic flow. (D) Signup and view all the answers