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Questions and Answers
What is the role of encoding in the communication process?
Which element of non-verbal communication refers to the gestures that convey meaning?
What does feedback in the communication process refer to?
Which principle of communication indicates that it is influenced by technology and media?
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Which type of verbal communication is used specifically among professionals and may not be understood by others?
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In which scenario is communication most likely to fail?
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Which element of non-verbal communication primarily controls the interaction process?
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What does not guarantee a direct outcome in the communication process?
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Which element is NOT considered a part of the communication process?
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In what way does non-verbal communication complement verbal communication?
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What does the characteristic of being 'irreversible' in communication imply?
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Which of the following types of verbal communication is characterized by avoidance of directness?
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Which factor can significantly disrupt the communication process?
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What is the primary focus of the interpretative act in communication?
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Which of the following elements is NOT a part of non-verbal communication?
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What is an important characteristic of the contextual factor in communication?
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Which characteristic of communication suggests that it is shaped by existing knowledge?
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What is the role of regulators in non-verbal communication?
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Study Notes
Purposive Communication Overview
- Purposive communication encompasses five essential skills: Writing, Reading, Listening, Speaking, and Viewing.
- Communication is an interactive process where information is exchanged between two or more parties.
Nature of Communication
- Human activity is inherently related to communication functions.
- Communication can be characterized as either one-way or two-way, impacting the message's effectiveness.
- Successful communication relies on the engagement and understanding of the involved parties.
- Conversations within organizations may vary in flow and format based on recommendations and contexts.
Elements of Communication
- Sender: Initiates the message directed towards the receiver.
- Ideas/Message: Subject matter exchanged during communication.
- Encoding: Transforming thoughts into an understandable message.
- Channel/Medium: The method used to transfer the message (e.g., verbal, written).
- Receiver: Individual receiving and interpreting the message.
- Decoding: Understanding and making sense of the transmitted message.
- Feedback: Receiver's response, demonstrating comprehension of the message.
- Noise: Any interference that disrupts the clarity of the message.
- Context: The environment and circumstances surrounding the communication.
Principles and Characteristics
- Communication is schemata-driven, relying on existing knowledge.
- It is an interpretative act and a progressive process.
- No guaranteed direct outcomes from communication, highlighting its ethical nature.
- Communication is active, powerful, and often irreversible.
- Symbolic in nature, reliant on shared meanings.
- Always results in an outcome, influenced by media and technology.
Verbal and Non-Verbal Communication
- Verbal communication consists of both oral and written forms, divided into six types:
- Emotive: Expressing emotions.
- Evasive: Avoiding direct responses.
- Jargon: Language specific to a profession.
- Argot: Language particular to social groups.
- Abstract: Discussing concepts in general terms.
- Overly abstract: Concealing details under vague terms.
Elements of Non-Verbal Communication
- Body Language (Kinesis): Involves gestures that express meaning, derived from the Greek term for motion.
- Illustrators: Gestures that emphasize verbal messages.
- Regulators: Movements that control interaction flow.
- Emblems: Specific gestures that hold particular meanings.
- Display of Feelings: Body cues conveying emotions, complementing verbal information.
- Adaptors: Behaviors adjusted to fit the situation or others.
Paralanguage
- Consists of vocal elements accompanying spoken words, such as:
- Pitch: High or low voice tone.
- Volume: Loudness or softness of voice.
- Duration: Speed of speech delivery.
- Intonation: Patterns of rising and falling voice modulation.
- Quality: Overall sound characteristics of one’s voice.
Body Types
- Ectomorphs: Thin body structure.
- Endomorphs: Heavier body type.
- Mesomorphs: Athletic and muscular build.
- Attractiveness and body adornments can impact first impressions and communication.
Space and Distance (Proxemics)
- Different personal space zones define interactions:
- Intimate: 0 to 18 inches.
- Personal: 18 inches to 4 feet.
- Social: 4 to 12 feet.
- Public: Over 12 feet.
- Proxemics can communicate relationship dynamics between sender and receiver.
Time (Chronemics)
- Punctuality reflects respect for others' time, while lateness can convey disregard.
Purposive Communication Overview
- Purposive communication encompasses five essential skills: Writing, Reading, Listening, Speaking, and Viewing.
- Communication is an interactive process where information is exchanged between two or more parties.
Nature of Communication
- Human activity is inherently related to communication functions.
- Communication can be characterized as either one-way or two-way, impacting the message's effectiveness.
- Successful communication relies on the engagement and understanding of the involved parties.
- Conversations within organizations may vary in flow and format based on recommendations and contexts.
Elements of Communication
- Sender: Initiates the message directed towards the receiver.
- Ideas/Message: Subject matter exchanged during communication.
- Encoding: Transforming thoughts into an understandable message.
- Channel/Medium: The method used to transfer the message (e.g., verbal, written).
- Receiver: Individual receiving and interpreting the message.
- Decoding: Understanding and making sense of the transmitted message.
- Feedback: Receiver's response, demonstrating comprehension of the message.
- Noise: Any interference that disrupts the clarity of the message.
- Context: The environment and circumstances surrounding the communication.
Principles and Characteristics
- Communication is schemata-driven, relying on existing knowledge.
- It is an interpretative act and a progressive process.
- No guaranteed direct outcomes from communication, highlighting its ethical nature.
- Communication is active, powerful, and often irreversible.
- Symbolic in nature, reliant on shared meanings.
- Always results in an outcome, influenced by media and technology.
Verbal and Non-Verbal Communication
- Verbal communication consists of both oral and written forms, divided into six types:
- Emotive: Expressing emotions.
- Evasive: Avoiding direct responses.
- Jargon: Language specific to a profession.
- Argot: Language particular to social groups.
- Abstract: Discussing concepts in general terms.
- Overly abstract: Concealing details under vague terms.
Elements of Non-Verbal Communication
- Body Language (Kinesis): Involves gestures that express meaning, derived from the Greek term for motion.
- Illustrators: Gestures that emphasize verbal messages.
- Regulators: Movements that control interaction flow.
- Emblems: Specific gestures that hold particular meanings.
- Display of Feelings: Body cues conveying emotions, complementing verbal information.
- Adaptors: Behaviors adjusted to fit the situation or others.
Paralanguage
- Consists of vocal elements accompanying spoken words, such as:
- Pitch: High or low voice tone.
- Volume: Loudness or softness of voice.
- Duration: Speed of speech delivery.
- Intonation: Patterns of rising and falling voice modulation.
- Quality: Overall sound characteristics of one’s voice.
Body Types
- Ectomorphs: Thin body structure.
- Endomorphs: Heavier body type.
- Mesomorphs: Athletic and muscular build.
- Attractiveness and body adornments can impact first impressions and communication.
Space and Distance (Proxemics)
- Different personal space zones define interactions:
- Intimate: 0 to 18 inches.
- Personal: 18 inches to 4 feet.
- Social: 4 to 12 feet.
- Public: Over 12 feet.
- Proxemics can communicate relationship dynamics between sender and receiver.
Time (Chronemics)
- Punctuality reflects respect for others' time, while lateness can convey disregard.
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Description
Test your understanding of the five essential skills of purposive communication: writing, reading, listening, speaking, and viewing. This quiz also covers the nature of communication and its relational aspects within human interactions. Assess how well you grasp the dynamics of effective communication.
