Non-conventional extraction techniques II
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary benefit of using high pressure in pressurized liquid extraction (PLE)?

  • To promote higher analyte solubility and mass transfer rate (correct)
  • To increase the boiling point of the solvent
  • To increase the viscosity of the solvent
  • To decrease the solubility of the analyte

    • Which of the following is a synonym for pressurized liquid extraction (PLE)?

  • Accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) (correct)
  • Supercritical fluid extraction
  • Soxhlet extraction
  • Traditional extraction method

    • What is the main advantage of PLE over traditional soxhlet extraction?

  • Longer extraction time
  • Lower extraction temperature
  • Increased solvent use
  • Dramatic decrease in time consumption and solvent use (correct)

    • What is the reason for the development of PLE-based techniques?

    <p>Automation techniques and decreased extraction time and solvents requirement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of combining high pressure and temperature in PLE?

    <p>Faster extraction and decreased solvent use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential application of PLE in extraction?

    <p>As an alternative technique to supercritical fluid extraction for polar compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an advantage of Pressurized Liquid Extraction (PLE) compared to conventional methods?

    <p>Lower solvent consumption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of compounds have been extracted from plant materials using PLE?

    <p>Bioactive compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of PLE that makes it suitable for extracting organic pollutants from environmental matrices?

    <p>Is stable at high temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of using PLE to extract isoflavones from soybeans?

    <p>No degradation of compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a comparison that has been made to evaluate the efficiency of PLE?

    <p>PLE vs. Soxhlet extraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the optimal solvent composition for extracting flavonoids from spinach using PLE?

    <p>Ethanol and water (70:30)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major advantage of using carbon dioxide in supercritical fluid extraction?

    <p>Its ability to operate at moderate pressures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a limitation of using carbon dioxide in supercritical fluid extraction?

    <p>Its low polarity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a co-solvent vessel and pump in a basic SFE system?

    <p>To mix the mobile phase with the co-solvent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical pressure range for operating a supercritical fluid extraction system?

    <p>Between 100 and 450 bar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a chemical modifier in supercritical fluid extraction?

    <p>To enhance the polarity of the mobile phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of using a small amount of Dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) as a modifier in supercritical fluid extraction?

    <p>It enhances the extraction of polar substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of operating SFE at room temperature?

    <p>It is ideal for thermo labile compound extraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of using a small amount of sample in SFE?

    <p>It saves time for the overall experiment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of on-line coupling of SFE with chromatographic process?

    <p>It is useful for highly volatile compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of recycling and reusing supercritical fluid in SFE?

    <p>It minimizes waste generation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the flexibility of SFE in terms of sample size?

    <p>It can be arranged on a specific purpose from few milligram samples in laboratory to tons of sample in industries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of using a modifier in SFE?

    <p>It increases the extraction yield</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of PEF on plant materials during extraction?

    <p>Destroying the membrane structure of the plant material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of using PEF as a pretreatment process prior to conventional extraction?

    <p>Reducing the extraction effort</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of PEF treatment on the recovery of phytosterols from maize?

    <p>A 32.4% increase in recovery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of PEF treatment on the extraction of anthocyanin monoglucosides from grape by-product?

    <p>Increasing the extraction of anthocyanin monoglucosides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of applying PEF treatment on grape skin before maceration?

    <p>Reducing the duration of maceration and improving the stability of bioactives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of PEF treatment on the cell membrane of plant tissue at a moderate electric field?

    <p>Damaging the cell membrane with little temperature increase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of depressurization of supercritical fluid in SFE?

    <p>Reduce extraction time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of operating SFE at room temperature?

    <p>Preserve thermo-labile compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of using a small amount of sample in SFE?

    <p>Save time for overall experiment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of on-line coupling of SFE with chromatographic process?

    <p>Enable extraction of highly volatile compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of recycling and reusing supercritical fluid in SFE?

    <p>Minimize waste generation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary flexibility of SFE in terms of sample size?

    <p>Can be arranged for specific purposes from few milligrams to tons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of using modified supercritical CO2 in SFE?

    <p>Increase extraction yields of specific compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of using methanol as a modifier in SFE?

    <p>Release more polyphenols and procyanidins from grape seeds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of SFE in terms of environmental sustainability?

    <p>Uses little amount of organic solvent and is considered environment-friendly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of SFE in terms of extraction process information?

    <p>Provides detailed information about the extraction mechanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

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