Pulpal Diseases Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the main cause of pulp and periradicular infection?

  • Chemical irritation
  • Non living irritants
  • Physical irritation
  • Living irritants (Microbial) (correct)

Which type of exposure can lead to direct pulp exposure?

  • Fracture (correct)
  • Abrasion
  • Attrition
  • Cemento-enamel junction absence

What is the most common cause of ingress of bacteria to pulp?

  • Caries (correct)
  • Leaky restoration
  • Periodontal pocket
  • Naturally-absent cementum

Which type of injury is caused by deep periodontal pockets?

<p>Apical foramen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the response to microbial irritants?

<p>No. of MO x Virulence / Tissue resistance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which irritant is NOT listed as a main irritant of the pulp?

<p>Electrical irritation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of dentinal tubule exposure?

<p>Caries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the pathogenesis of pulp stone (denticles)?

<p>Deposition of calcium salts in dead or degenerated tissue (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the visual indication of internal resorption?

<p>Chalky appearance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of pulp stone (denticles) based on location?

<p>Attached (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aim of the lecture?

<p>To detail the etiology and progress of pulp and periapical injuries (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the response to pulp and periapical injuries?

<p>Retrogressive pulp changes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for chalky tooth (calcification)?

<p>May be left untreated (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What represents a clinical diagnostic category for teeth that have had partial or complete endodontic therapy?

<p>Previously Treated Pulp (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aim of reading the recommended material?

<p>To understand different injuries of the pulp (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the primary intraradicular infections characterized by?

<p>Polymicrobial nature with anaerobic and facultative microorganisms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the response of pulp and surrounding tissues to pulp and periapical injuries?

<p>Gradual narrowing of the root canal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of extraradicular infections in periradicular areas?

<p>Contain similar microorganisms with an increase in Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of bacterial biofilms?

<p>Resistant to antimicrobial agents and mechanical preparation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can lead to pulpal irritation?

<p>Non-living irritants and traumatic factors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are pulp and periapical diseases classified?

<p>Based on severity, duration, presence of symptoms, and the ability to heal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does reversible pulpitis indicate?

<p>It can return to a normal state if the irritant is removed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is hyperemia associated with?

<p>Mild inflammation in the pulp tissue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the pathogenesis of acute pulpitis?

<p>Vascular dilation leading to increased vascular permeability and fluid exudate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the symptoms of chronic open ulcerative pulpitis?

<p>Non-existent to minimal, with dull pain exacerbated by thermal changes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the differential diagnosis between reversible and irreversible pulpitis based on?

<p>Presence and depth of caries, as well as the nature of pain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for acute pulpitis in advanced stages?

<p>Root canal treatment (RCT) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of chronic open hyperplastic pulpitis (pulp polyp)?

<p>Occurs in molar teeth of children and young adults, presenting as a painless red or pinkish soft nodule (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the pathogenesis of necrosis in pulp diseases?

<p>The death of the pulp, classified as liquefactive or coagulative, with different pathogenesis and examination findings (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the visual signs for the examination and diagnosis of acute pulpitis?

<p>Caries or recent trauma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of pulp and periradicular infection?

<p>Pulpal inflammation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of chronic open ulcerative pulpitis?

<p>Abnormal sensitivity to percussion or palpation testing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the response to microbial irritants?

<p>Pulp and surrounding tissues (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the visual indication of internal resorption?

<p>Radiographic appearance of a resorptive defect within the tooth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of pulp stone (denticles) based on location?

<p>Apical (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for chalky tooth (calcification)?

<p>Extraction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the differential diagnosis between reversible and irreversible pulpitis based on?

<p>Response to thermal stimuli (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What represents a clinical diagnostic category for teeth that have had partial or complete endodontic therapy?

<p>Pulpoperiapical pathosis (A), Pulpoperiapical pathosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for acute pulpitis in advanced stages?

<p>Pulpectomy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the primary intraradicular infections characterized by?

<p>Presence of microorganisms within the root canal system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic radiographic feature that differentiates periapical granuloma from chronic apical abscess?

<p>Well-defined radiolucent area surrounded by radioopaque margins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of condensing osteitis (pulpoperiapical osteosclerosis) on radiographs?

<p>Radio-opaque appearance at the apex (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of periapical cyst on percussion and palpation?

<p>Egg shell crackling and increased mobility due to bone resorption (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary pathogenesis of periapical cyst?

<p>Irritation and proliferation of epithelial rests of Malassez (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for periapical granuloma?

<p>Root canal treatment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic clinical feature of chronic apical abscess?

<p>Presence of a sinus tract draining pus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of periapical granuloma on radiographs?

<p>Well-defined radiolucent area surrounded by radioopaque margins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the clinical feature that distinguishes periapical granuloma from periapical cyst?

<p>Egg shell crackling and increased mobility due to bone resorption (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary pathogenesis of condensing osteitis (pulpoperiapical osteosclerosis)?

<p>Productive response of the periapical bone to low-grade long-standing pulpal irritation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for condensing osteitis (pulpoperiapical osteosclerosis)?

<p>Root canal treatment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of pulpoperiapical pathosis?

<p>Symptomatic and asymptomatic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of acute apical periodontitis (incipient stage)?

<p>Moderate to severe pain, localized pain, and increased pain on percussion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for acute apical periodontitis (incipient stage)?

<p>Root canal treatment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the features of acute apical periodontitis (advanced stage)?

<p>Throbbing pain and acute periapical abscess (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is acute periapical abscess characterized by?

<p>An advanced exudative and severe symptomatic inflammatory response of periapical C.T. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the nature of recrudescent abscess (Phoenix abscess)?

<p>An acute exacerbation of a chronic lesion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes subacute periapical abscess?

<p>A painful phase of a chronic periapical abscess cycle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes asymptomatic pulpoperiapical pathosis?

<p>Chronic apical periodontitis resulting from pulp necrosis or dissipated acute apical periodontitis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can result from incomplete removal of pulp tissue?

<p>Infected remnants extending to the periapical area (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can improper manipulation during treatment lead to?

<p>Pushing chemicals or toxic material into the surrounding periapical tissue (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary etiology of pulpoperiapical pathosis?

<p>Over-instrumentation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of condensing osteitis (pulpoperiapical osteosclerosis) on radiographs?

<p>Localized radiopacity at the apex of the tooth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of pulp stone (denticles) based on location?

<p>Coronal and radicular (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes chronic open ulcerative pulpitis?

<p>Proliferation of granulation tissue (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of ingress of bacteria to pulp?

<p>Dentinal tubule exposure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for chalky tooth (calcification)?

<p>Indirect pulp capping (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic radiographic feature that differentiates periapical granuloma from chronic apical abscess?

<p>Localized radiopacity at the apex of the tooth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes subacute periapical abscess?

<p>Formation of a sinus tract (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary pathogenesis of condensing osteitis (pulpoperiapical osteosclerosis)?

<p>Reaction to low-grade irritation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of chronic open hyperplastic pulpitis (pulp polyp)?

<p>Proliferation of granulation tissue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic radiographic feature of periapical granuloma?

<p>Well-defined radiolucent area surrounded by radioopaque margins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aim of the recommended reading material?

<p>To detail the etiology and progress of pulp and periapical injuries (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of condensing osteitis (pulpoperiapical osteosclerosis) on radiographs?

<p>Radio-opaque appearance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic clinical feature of chronic apical abscess?

<p>Presence of pus draining through a sinus tract (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of periapical cyst on percussion and palpation?

<p>Increased mobility due to bone resorption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the pathogenesis of periapical cyst?

<p>Formation of a cavity in the center of granuloma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of bacterial biofilms?

<p>Complex communities of bacteria attached to surfaces (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for periapical granuloma?

<p>Root canal treatment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic radiographic feature of chronic apical periodontitis incipient stage?

<p>Ill-defined hazy radiolucent area around the apex (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What represents a clinical diagnostic category for teeth that have had partial or complete endodontic therapy?

<p>Asymptomatic pulpoperiapical pathosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of pulpoperiapical pathosis?

<p>Symptomatic and asymptomatic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes acute apical periodontitis (incipient stage)?

<p>Moderate to severe pain, localized pain, and increased pain on percussion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the nature of recrudescent abscess (Phoenix abscess)?

<p>An acute exacerbation of a chronic lesion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes chronic open hyperplastic pulpitis (pulp polyp)?

<p>An inflammatory response of the periapical C.T. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for acute periapical abscess?

<p>Root canal treatment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of asymptomatic pulpoperiapical pathosis?

<p>Chronic apical periodontitis resulting from pulp necrosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of periapical cyst on percussion and palpation?

<p>Painless and asymptomatic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary pathogenesis of periapical cyst?

<p>Infection of the periapical area (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic radiographic feature that differentiates periapical granuloma from chronic apical abscess?

<p>Presence of a radiolucent area with an ill-defined border (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the response of pulp and surrounding tissues to pulp and periapical injuries?

<p>Inflammatory response of the periapical C.T. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Pulpal Diseases and Their Characteristics

  • Inflammation will reverse and the pulp will return to its normal state if the cause is eliminated
  • Pathogenesis of acute pulpitis involves vascular dilation leading to increased vascular permeability and fluid exudate
  • Examination and diagnosis of acute pulpitis involves visual signs like caries or recent trauma, as well as specific symptoms and sensitivity tests
  • Treatment for acute pulpitis includes root canal treatment (RCT) in advanced stages
  • Differential diagnosis between reversible and irreversible pulpitis involves the presence and depth of caries, as well as the nature of pain
  • Chronic pulpitis is an inflammatory response of the pulp resulting from long-term, low-grade injury
  • Chronic closed pulpitis presents with intermittent dull aching pain and less sensitivity to heat and cold
  • Chronic open ulcerative pulpitis symptoms range from non-existent to minimal, with dull pain exacerbated by thermal changes
  • Chronic open hyperplastic pulpitis (pulp polyp) occurs in molar teeth of children and young adults, presenting as a painless red or pinkish soft nodule
  • Additional pulpal diseases include hyperemia, necrosis, retrogressive pulp changes, internal resorption, and previously treated tooth
  • Necrosis is the death of the pulp and can be classified as liquefactive or coagulative, with different pathogenesis and examination findings
  • Retrogressive pulp changes include atrophy, defined as a decrease in size, and typically requires root canal treatment

Pulpoperiapical Pathosis Classification and Treatment

  • Overinstrumentation can lead to inaccurate measurement of the R.C length
  • Improper manipulation includes pushing chemicals or toxic material into the surrounding periapical tissue
  • Incomplete removal of pulp tissue can result in infected remnants extending to the periapical area
  • Pulpoperiapical pathosis is classified into symptomatic and asymptomatic categories
  • Symptomatic pulpoperiapical disease is characterized by an inflammatory response of the periapical C.T.
  • Acute apical periodontitis (incipient stage) presents with moderate to severe pain, localized pain, and increased pain on percussion
  • Treatment for acute apical periodontitis (incipient stage) involves root canal treatment
  • Acute apical periodontitis (advanced stage) includes features such as throbbing pain and acute periapical abscess
  • Acute periapical abscess is an advanced exudative and severe symptomatic inflammatory response of periapical C.T.
  • Recrudescent abscess (Phoenix abscess) is an acute exacerbation of a chronic lesion
  • Subacute periapical abscess is a painful phase of a chronic periapical abscess cycle
  • Asymptomatic pulpoperiapical pathosis is characterized by a chronic apical periodontitis, which may result from pulp necrosis or an acute apical periodontitis that has dissipated

Pulpoperiapical Pathosis Classification and Treatment

  • Overinstrumentation can lead to inaccurate measurement of the R.C length
  • Improper manipulation includes pushing chemicals or toxic material into the surrounding periapical tissue
  • Incomplete removal of pulp tissue can result in infected remnants extending to the periapical area
  • Pulpoperiapical pathosis is classified into symptomatic and asymptomatic categories
  • Symptomatic pulpoperiapical disease is characterized by an inflammatory response of the periapical C.T.
  • Acute apical periodontitis (incipient stage) presents with moderate to severe pain, localized pain, and increased pain on percussion
  • Treatment for acute apical periodontitis (incipient stage) involves root canal treatment
  • Acute apical periodontitis (advanced stage) includes features such as throbbing pain and acute periapical abscess
  • Acute periapical abscess is an advanced exudative and severe symptomatic inflammatory response of periapical C.T.
  • Recrudescent abscess (Phoenix abscess) is an acute exacerbation of a chronic lesion
  • Subacute periapical abscess is a painful phase of a chronic periapical abscess cycle
  • Asymptomatic pulpoperiapical pathosis is characterized by a chronic apical periodontitis, which may result from pulp necrosis or an acute apical periodontitis that has dissipated

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