34 Questions
What is the main cause of pulp and periradicular infection?
Bacteria
What are the main irritants of the pulp?
Chemical and living irritants
Which condition leads to direct pulp exposure?
Leaky restoration
What is the most common cause of ingress of bacteria to pulp?
Caries
Which injury is described as lateral canals due to periodontal disease with deep pockets?
Lateral canals injury
What is the response to caries, leaky restoration, fracture, crack, and periodontal pocket according to the text?
Direct pulp exposure
What irritants are considered non-living?
Chemical irritation
Which type of pulp disease is characterized by a soft solid cheesy-like mass?
Atrophy
What is the treatment for partial necrosis of the pulp?
No treatment required
What examination method is likely to show normal or slight widening of the periapical periodontal membrane space (PMS)?
Radiographic (RG)
Which type of pulp disease is characterized by a decrease in the number of cells and ground substance, and an increase in mature collagen fibers?
Atrophy
In which condition is inflammation in the pulp likely to initiate resorption of adjacent hard tissues?
Internal resorption
What is the likely sensitivity response in cases of partial necrosis?
+ve response at high current
What is the likely visual indication of calcification in the pulp chamber?
Chalky appearance
What is the recommended treatment for retrogressive pulp changes such as atrophy?
No treatment required
What type of pulp disease may show normal or slight widening of the periapical periodontal membrane space (PMS) upon radiographic examination?
Liquefactive
What is the likely sensitivity response in cases of retrogressive pulp changes such as calcification?
-ve or slight response at high current
Which type of endodontic infection is characterized by microorganisms introduced in root canals during treatment, between appointments, and after root canal obturation?
Secondary infection
What is the primary characteristic of persistent infection in endodontics?
Resistance to irrigation and medication
What type of microorganisms can be found in persistent endodontic infection, especially in lower species but with an increase in G+ve facultative anaerobic bacteria and fungi?
G+ve facultative anaerobic bacteria and fungi
What causes extraradicular infection in the periradicular area in endodontics?
Infection inside the root canal extending to periapical area
What is the main function of biofilms formed by bacterial adherence to dentin in endodontic infections?
Protect bacteria from phagocytosis
What is the purpose of enzymes secreted by microorganisms in endodontic infections?
Facilitate the spread of microorganisms
What is the main component of endotoxins released by gram-negative bacteria in endodontic infections?
Lipopolysaccharides
Which physical factor can lead to pulpal irritation in endodontic treatments?
Loss of enamel
What is the clinical condition associated with subjective and objective findings indicating the presence of mild inflammation in the pulp tissue?
Reversible pulpitis
What causes pain in the early stage of acute pulpitis?
Caries
Which type of chronic pulpitis may result from long-term, low-grade injury?
Chronic closed pulpitis
What are the symptoms of chronic open hyperplastic pulpitis?
Painless appearance of a red or pinkish soft nodule
What is the clinical condition associated with a painful and irreversible acute inflammatory response of the pulpal connective tissue to an irritant?
Irreversible pulpitis
What is the sequel of acute and chronic inflammation resulting in the death of the pulp?
Necrosis
Which type of pulpitis results from an irritant that is not severe enough to cause acute infection?
Chronic closed pulpitis
Which clinical condition is associated with subjective and objective findings indicating pain with sharp throbbing that lingers at night?
Acute Pulpitis
What is the clinical condition associated with mild inflammation in the pulp tissue, and if the cause is eliminated, inflammation will reverse and the pulp will return to its normal state?
Reversible Pulpitis
Test your knowledge of pulp and periapical diseases classification with this quiz. Identify and differentiate between the various types of inflammation, severity, and healing ability of the pulp. Explore the different responses and classifications related to these dental conditions.
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