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Questions and Answers
Carbon dioxide moves from the blood into alveoli at the lungs. List the four membranes that carbon dioxide must pass through as it goes from the blood into the alveoli.
Carbon dioxide moves from the blood into alveoli at the lungs. List the four membranes that carbon dioxide must pass through as it goes from the blood into the alveoli.
- The plasma membrane of the alveolar cells.
- The alveolar epithelium.
- The basement membrane of the alveolar cells.
- The endothelium of the capillary.
Compare intrapulmonary and atmospheric pressure (which is higher, lower) during inspiration and expiration. Detail how this causes air to move (and in what direction).
Compare intrapulmonary and atmospheric pressure (which is higher, lower) during inspiration and expiration. Detail how this causes air to move (and in what direction).
During inspiration, intrapulmonary pressure is lower than atmospheric pressure, causing air to move into the lungs. During expiration, intrapulmonary pressure is higher than atmospheric pressure, causing air to move out of the lungs.
List the two factors that determine airflow. Detail if each is directly proportional or indirectly proportional to flow.
List the two factors that determine airflow. Detail if each is directly proportional or indirectly proportional to flow.
- Pressure gradient: Airflow is directly proportional to the pressure gradient.
- Resistance: Airflow is inversely proportional to resistance.
State if increased resistance increases or decreases pulmonary ventilation:
State if increased resistance increases or decreases pulmonary ventilation:
State if increased alveolar surface tension increases or decreases pulmonary ventilation:
State if increased alveolar surface tension increases or decreases pulmonary ventilation:
State if increased compliance increases or decreases pulmonary ventilation:
State if increased compliance increases or decreases pulmonary ventilation:
Flashcards
CO2 membranes to alveoli
CO2 membranes to alveoli
Capillary endothelial cells, capillary basement membrane, alveolar endothelial cells, alveolar basement membrane
Pressures during breathing
Pressures during breathing
Inspiration: Intrapulmonary pressure is lower. Air flows in. Expiration: Intrapulmonary pressure is higher. Air flows out.
Factors determining airflow
Factors determining airflow
Pressure difference is directly proportional. Resistance is indirectly proportional.
Increased resistance effect?
Increased resistance effect?
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Decreased resistance effect?
Decreased resistance effect?
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Increased alveolar surface tension?
Increased alveolar surface tension?
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Decreased alveolar surface tension?
Decreased alveolar surface tension?
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Increased compliance effect?
Increased compliance effect?
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Decreased compliance effect?
Decreased compliance effect?
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How air flows?
How air flows?
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Study Notes
- As carbon dioxide moves from the blood into the alveoli of the lungs, it passes through four membranes:
- The plasma membrane of the endothelial cell of the capillary
- The basement membrane of the endothelial cell of the capillary
- The basement membrane of the alveolar cell
- The plasma membrane of the alveolar cell
Intrapulmonary vs Atmospheric Pressure
- Inspiration: Intrapulmonary pressure is lower than atmospheric pressure therefore air moves into the lungs.
- Expiration: Intrapulmonary pressure is higher than atmospheric pressure therefore air moves out of the lungs.
Factors Determining Airflow
- The two factors are pressure difference and resistance.
- Airflow is directly proportional to pressure difference
- Airflow is indirectly proportional to resistance.
Impact on Pulmonary Ventilation
- Increased resistance: Decreases pulmonary ventilation.
- Decreased resistance: Increases pulmonary ventilation.
- Increased alveolar surface tension: Decreases pulmonary ventilation.
- Decreased alveolar surface tension: Increases pulmonary ventilation.
- Increased compliance: Increases pulmonary ventilation.
- Decreased compliance: Decreases pulmonary ventilation.
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