Pulmonary Vein Development and Outflow Tract Septation Quiz

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What is the initial nourishment and oxygenation of the endocardial tube?

via diffusion

At what stage does the heart become the first functional organ in the embryo?

day 22-25

What cells produce angiogenic cells and blood islands?

splanchnic lateral plate mesoderm

What causes heart defects?

genetic and teratogenic factors Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the pulmonary vein?

To transport oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the conolotruncal ridges?

To divide the conus into the outflow tracts of the right and left ventricles. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the semilunar valves?

To prevent the backflow of blood from the aorta and pulmonary artery into the ventricles. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the aortic arches during embryonic development?

They develop into paired arteries that supply blood to different regions of the head and neck. Signup and view all the answers

What is the embryological cause of atrial septal defect?

Failure of proper development of septum secundum or failure of closure of ostium primum. Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common congenital heart defect?

Ventricular septal defect (VSD). Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of Tetralogy of Fallot?

Unequal division of conus cordis with resultant anterior displacement (malalignment) of the aorticopulmonary septum. Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of transposition of the great vessels?

Failure of the aorticopulmonary (conotruncal) septum to spiral. Signup and view all the answers

What are the learning outcomes of this lecture?

Describe the normal development of the chambers and valves of the heart, Describe the formation of the foramen ovale and the changes that occur at the time of birth that lead to the formation of the fossa ovalis, Discuss how the complex development of the heart can lead to congenital abnormalities, Describe what is meant by patent ductus arteriosus, Describe what is meant by patent foramen ovale, Describe the complex organisation of the aortic arches and how it relates to the position of the recurrent laryngeal nerves, Discuss major congenital defects in the heart (ASD, Patent FO, VSD,) and major vessels (Tetralogy of Fallot, Transposition of the great vessels, Patent ductus arteriosus, Coarctation of aorta) Signup and view all the answers

What are the 7 steps involved in the formation of the heart?

<ol> <li>Formation of the heart (endocardial) tube, 2. Folding and looping of the heart tube, 3. Partitioning of the common AV canal, 4. Formation of papillary muscles, chorda tendinea and AV valves, 5. Formation of the interventricular septum, 6. Formation of the interatrial septum, 7.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What are some major congenital defects in the heart and major vessels?

ASD (Atrial septal defect), Patent FO (Patent foramen ovale), VSD (Ventricular septal defect), Tetralogy of Fallot, Transposition of the great vessels, Patent ductus arteriosus, Coarctation of aorta Signup and view all the answers