Pulmonary Tuberculosis Clinicopathological Forms Quiz

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What is a common predisposing factor for post-pneumonic complications?

Regular exercise
Loss of consciousness from alcohol or drug overdose (correct)
High cholesterol
Obesity

Which of the following organisms is NOT typically associated with post-pneumonic complications?

Staphylococcus
Escherichia coli (correct)
Klebsiella
Pseudomonas

What is a common clinical manifestation of post-pneumonic complications?

Decreased heart rate
Fever (correct)
Weight gain
Improved appetite

What percentage of the world's population has been infected with Tuberculosis (TB)?

33% (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of TB is primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

Primary TB (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells are morphologically altered to form epithelioid cells and Langhans' multinucleated giant cells in TB pathogenesis?

Macrophages (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common clinical presentation of primary pulmonary tuberculosis?

Fever, chest pain, and little physical findings (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common clinical presentation of secondary pulmonary tuberculosis?

Cough, weight loss, wasting, and night sweats (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most accurate statement about the Tuberculin skin test (PPD or Mantoux test) for diagnosing tuberculosis?

It indicates prior exposure to TB (infection or BCG vaccination) through a type IV hypersensitivity reaction. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most accurate statement about the use of the interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) test for diagnosing tuberculosis?

The IGRA test is an alternative to the Tuberculin skin test that can be used in individuals who have received BCG vaccination. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common radiographic finding on chest X-ray for primary pulmonary tuberculosis?

Nonspecific, often lower lobe infiltrate, hilar lymph node enlargement, and pleural effusion (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common radiographic finding on chest X-ray for secondary pulmonary tuberculosis?

Lesions located in the apices or superior segment of a lower lobe (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most accurate description of the primary form of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB)?

Composed of a peripheral parenchymal granuloma, TB lymphangitis, and hilar lymph node involvement (TB lymphadenitis) (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most accurate description of the secondary (reactivation) form of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB)?

Characterized by the reactivation of a prior site of infection, with lesions localized to the lung apex and hilar lymph node involvement (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most accurate description of the miliary form of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB)?

Caused by hematogenous spread of bacteria, leading to a disseminated disease with a poor prognosis without treatment (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most common clinical presentation of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB)?

Chronic productive cough and hemoptysis, with generally well-preserved respiratory function (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most accurate statement about the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) using the tuberculin skin test (TST)?

The TST has high sensitivity but low specificity, and a positive result may indicate either active TB or latent TB infection (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most accurate statement about the use of chest X-ray in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB)?

Chest X-ray can be used to detect the presence of pulmonary TB, but the findings are not specific and require further testing for confirmation (B) Signup and view all the answers