Pulmonary Surfactant and Alveoli Function

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In patients with restrictive lung disease, what is the characteristic of the volume-pressure curve?

The area of the curve is decreased due to increased compliance

The area of the curve is unchanged

The area of the curve is greater due to decreased slope of the static component (correct)

The area of the curve is increased due to increased elastic work

What does the curved line A-C-B represent in the context of breathing mechanics?

The compliance of the lungs

The additional pressure required to overcome frictional resistance (correct)

The quasistatic pressure-volume curve

The work done in overcoming purely elastic forces

What happens to the elastic component of work in healthy individuals when ventilation pattern is characterized by large VT?

It increases (correct)

It becomes zero

It remains unchanged

It decreases

In obstructive lung disease, what happens to the area of the volume-pressure curve?

It increases due to markedly widened portion associated with resistance Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the increase in pressure needed to inflate the lung, particularly in sick lungs?

The opening of collapsed alveoli during inspiration Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical breathing pattern observed in patients with 'stiff lungs'?

Rapid and shallow breathing Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the alveolar size and the surface tension during exhalation?

The surface tension decreases as the alveolar size decreases Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the breathing pattern in patients with airway obstruction?

Deep and slow breathing Signup and view all the answers

According to Hooke's law, what is the relationship between the tension developed and the degree of deformation?

The tension is directly proportional to the degree of deformation Signup and view all the answers

What is the physical tendency described by elasticity?

The ability to return to an initial state after deformation Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of pulmonary surfactant on the surface tension of the alveoli wall?

It decreases the surface tension Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the difference between the inflation and deflation curves of the Pressure-Volume Curve of an Excised Lung?

Hysteresis Signup and view all the answers

What is the physiological outcome when the lung and thoracic recoil forces balance?

The functional residual capacity (FRC) is determined Signup and view all the answers

What determines the resting end-expiratory volume of the lungs?

The balance of lung and thoracic recoil forces Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of measurement for compliance in the lung?

mL/cm H2O Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between compliance and elastance?

Compliance is inversely proportional to elastance Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the compliances of the right and left lung when connected in parallel?

They have the same driving pressure but different flow Signup and view all the answers

At what percentage of total lung capacity (TLC) does the chest wall recoil of zero occur?

70% of TLC Signup and view all the answers