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Questions and Answers
What are the indications for pulmonary resuscitation?
What are the indications for pulmonary resuscitation?
A contraindication for pulmonary resuscitation is when a patient does not wish to be resuscitated but it is not documented.
A contraindication for pulmonary resuscitation is when a patient does not wish to be resuscitated but it is not documented.
False
What can happen if gas exchange is not restored during pulmonary resuscitation?
What can happen if gas exchange is not restored during pulmonary resuscitation?
Hypoxia injury or even death
What does the abbreviation UAW stand for?
What does the abbreviation UAW stand for?
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To relieve an upper airway obstruction, you should reposition the airway by doing what to the tongue?
To relieve an upper airway obstruction, you should reposition the airway by doing what to the tongue?
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For what reason is the head tilt maneuver used in respiratory care?
For what reason is the head tilt maneuver used in respiratory care?
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What is another name for the anterior mandibular displacement maneuver?
What is another name for the anterior mandibular displacement maneuver?
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Artificial airways are designed to prevent obstruction of the patient's airway.
Artificial airways are designed to prevent obstruction of the patient's airway.
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The oropharyngeal airway is used to prevent airway obstruction from the tongue or soft tissue.
The oropharyngeal airway is used to prevent airway obstruction from the tongue or soft tissue.
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When choosing an oropharyngeal airway, the size does not really matter.
When choosing an oropharyngeal airway, the size does not really matter.
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When using a nasopharyngeal airway, what part of the airway is being separated from the tongue?
When using a nasopharyngeal airway, what part of the airway is being separated from the tongue?
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What is a common use of a nasopharyngeal airway?
What is a common use of a nasopharyngeal airway?
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The tip of the laryngeal mask airway should always face the lower lip.
The tip of the laryngeal mask airway should always face the lower lip.
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Manual resuscitators are only used for emergency situations.
Manual resuscitators are only used for emergency situations.
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What is the primary function of a manual resuscitator?
What is the primary function of a manual resuscitator?
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What does hyperinflation of a patient's lungs mean?
What does hyperinflation of a patient's lungs mean?
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A resuscitator valve should be able to allow for positive end expiratory pressure.
A resuscitator valve should be able to allow for positive end expiratory pressure.
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Flow inflating manual resuscitators rely on gas flow to inflate them, but they are not disposable.
Flow inflating manual resuscitators rely on gas flow to inflate them, but they are not disposable.
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How much oxygen can a flow inflating manual resuscitator deliver?
How much oxygen can a flow inflating manual resuscitator deliver?
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Disposable self inflating manual resuscitators are used when lung compliance worsens.
Disposable self inflating manual resuscitators are used when lung compliance worsens.
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What is the maximum percentage of oxygen that a disposable self inflating manual resuscitator can deliver?
What is the maximum percentage of oxygen that a disposable self inflating manual resuscitator can deliver?
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What are the three types of resuscitator valves?
What are the three types of resuscitator valves?
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PEEP is used to maintain a set pressure in the lungs, even at the end of expiration.
PEEP is used to maintain a set pressure in the lungs, even at the end of expiration.
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What are the two types of mouth to mask ventilation devices?
What are the two types of mouth to mask ventilation devices?
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A Miller laryngoscope blade is used to directly lift the epiglottis.
A Miller laryngoscope blade is used to directly lift the epiglottis.
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The Macintosh laryngoscope blade is used to indirectly lift the epiglottis.
The Macintosh laryngoscope blade is used to indirectly lift the epiglottis.
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Which of these tools are used to assist with intubation?
Which of these tools are used to assist with intubation?
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Mallinckrodt Hi-Lo evac endotracheal tubes have a suction lumen just above the cuff.
Mallinckrodt Hi-Lo evac endotracheal tubes have a suction lumen just above the cuff.
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Wire reinforced endotracheal tubes are used to prevent airway obstruction.
Wire reinforced endotracheal tubes are used to prevent airway obstruction.
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Oral and nasal RAE tubes are used to maintain an open airway.
Oral and nasal RAE tubes are used to maintain an open airway.
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Endobronchial endotracheal tubes are used to help remove secretions from the lungs.
Endobronchial endotracheal tubes are used to help remove secretions from the lungs.
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An endotracheal tube exchanger is used to replace or remove a damaged, blown, or upsized endotracheal tube.
An endotracheal tube exchanger is used to replace or remove a damaged, blown, or upsized endotracheal tube.
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Poiseulle's Law states that a decrease in the radius of an airway will increase the workload of breathing.
Poiseulle's Law states that a decrease in the radius of an airway will increase the workload of breathing.
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What could make it more difficult to insert an artificial airway into a child compared to an adult?
What could make it more difficult to insert an artificial airway into a child compared to an adult?
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The pediatric formula for determining ETT size is ETT= (age in years + 16)/4.
The pediatric formula for determining ETT size is ETT= (age in years + 16)/4.
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A high volume, low pressure cuff exerts more force on the trachea than a low volume, high pressure cuff.
A high volume, low pressure cuff exerts more force on the trachea than a low volume, high pressure cuff.
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The cuff pressure should be released in all children under the age of 8 years.
The cuff pressure should be released in all children under the age of 8 years.
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What are three methods used to measure cuff pressure?
What are three methods used to measure cuff pressure?
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What is the name of the measurement that is obtained when air is added to the cuff until the leak disappears?
What is the name of the measurement that is obtained when air is added to the cuff until the leak disappears?
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The cuff pressure manometer is used to seal the trachea by applying a pressure of 20-30 cm h2o.
The cuff pressure manometer is used to seal the trachea by applying a pressure of 20-30 cm h2o.
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One purpose of a cuff pressure manometer is to help prevent airway obstruction from leaking tubes.
One purpose of a cuff pressure manometer is to help prevent airway obstruction from leaking tubes.
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A cuff pressure manometer helps to reduce the need for positive pressure ventilation.
A cuff pressure manometer helps to reduce the need for positive pressure ventilation.
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A combitube airway is used to directly intubate the trachea.
A combitube airway is used to directly intubate the trachea.
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Both cuffs on a combitube airway should be inflated simultaneously to check for chest rise.
Both cuffs on a combitube airway should be inflated simultaneously to check for chest rise.
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Tracheotomy tubes are designed to bypass the upper airway.
Tracheotomy tubes are designed to bypass the upper airway.
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A disposable tracheostomy tube contains a cuff, pilot balloon, and disposable inner cannula.
A disposable tracheostomy tube contains a cuff, pilot balloon, and disposable inner cannula.
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Cuffed tracheostomy tubes with disposable inner cannulas are used in most hospitals due to their ease of replacement.
Cuffed tracheostomy tubes with disposable inner cannulas are used in most hospitals due to their ease of replacement.
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When inner cannula is removed from a fenestrated tracheostomy tube, the balloon is inflated to assist with breathing.
When inner cannula is removed from a fenestrated tracheostomy tube, the balloon is inflated to assist with breathing.
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A fenestrated tracheostomy tube is considered to be a weaning device.
A fenestrated tracheostomy tube is considered to be a weaning device.
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A silver Jackson tracheostomy tube is considered the most common type of tracheostomy tube.
A silver Jackson tracheostomy tube is considered the most common type of tracheostomy tube.
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A communi-trach is also known as a speaking tube.
A communi-trach is also known as a speaking tube.
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The Olympic trach talk adapter utilizes a spring-loaded valve to ensure optimal airflow.
The Olympic trach talk adapter utilizes a spring-loaded valve to ensure optimal airflow.
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The Pass Muir tracheostomy valve is a one-way valve that allows the patient to exhale through the upper airway.
The Pass Muir tracheostomy valve is a one-way valve that allows the patient to exhale through the upper airway.
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The trach button is a device designed for mechanical ventilation.
The trach button is a device designed for mechanical ventilation.
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The Kistner button forces the patient to exhale through the upper airway.
The Kistner button forces the patient to exhale through the upper airway.
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What are two benefits of using a Kistner button?
What are two benefits of using a Kistner button?
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A suction regulator reduces high negative pressure in the airway.
A suction regulator reduces high negative pressure in the airway.
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Suction catheters cannot be used in artificial airways.
Suction catheters cannot be used in artificial airways.
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A suction catheter that has a diameter greater than 1.5 is considered safe for both anatomical and artificial airways.
A suction catheter that has a diameter greater than 1.5 is considered safe for both anatomical and artificial airways.
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The use of suction is always recommended while inserting a suction catheter into the airway, to prevent any secretions or fluids from blocking the catheter.
The use of suction is always recommended while inserting a suction catheter into the airway, to prevent any secretions or fluids from blocking the catheter.
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If the patient's oxygen levels are very low, they should be hyperoxygenated before suctioning the airway.
If the patient's oxygen levels are very low, they should be hyperoxygenated before suctioning the airway.
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A vane-type respirometer, such as a Wright respirometer, measures lung volume.
A vane-type respirometer, such as a Wright respirometer, measures lung volume.
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A peak flowmeter can be used to measure the amount of air that a patient can exhale in one second.
A peak flowmeter can be used to measure the amount of air that a patient can exhale in one second.
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Green, Yellow, and Red are used to categorize asthma care plans based on symptom severity.
Green, Yellow, and Red are used to categorize asthma care plans based on symptom severity.
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Hemoglobin can only irreversibly bind to oxygen.
Hemoglobin can only irreversibly bind to oxygen.
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Co-oximetry is used to determine what fraction of hemoglobin is bound to oxygen or other molecules.
Co-oximetry is used to determine what fraction of hemoglobin is bound to oxygen or other molecules.
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The isoelectric point is the wavelength where all forms of hemoglobin absorb the same amount of light.
The isoelectric point is the wavelength where all forms of hemoglobin absorb the same amount of light.
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End tidal CO2 monitoring is used to assess the effectiveness of ventilation.
End tidal CO2 monitoring is used to assess the effectiveness of ventilation.
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A volume displacement device measures the amount of air that is exhaled by a patient.
A volume displacement device measures the amount of air that is exhaled by a patient.
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What are three types of volume displacement devices?
What are three types of volume displacement devices?
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Body plethysmographs measure changes in thoracic volume.
Body plethysmographs measure changes in thoracic volume.
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What are four types of pneumotachometers?
What are four types of pneumotachometers?
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Indirect calorimetry is a technique used to measure oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production.
Indirect calorimetry is a technique used to measure oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production.
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What does UAW stand for?
What does UAW stand for?
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You should use head tilt and anterior mandibular displacement if you suspect a cervical spine injury.
You should use head tilt and anterior mandibular displacement if you suspect a cervical spine injury.
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Artificial airways can help to improve the airway of a patient.
Artificial airways can help to improve the airway of a patient.
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What does the black line on a laryngeal mask airway always need to face?
What does the black line on a laryngeal mask airway always need to face?
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Which of these are reasons to use a suction catheter?
Which of these are reasons to use a suction catheter?
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Match the following airway devices with their descriptions:
Match the following airway devices with their descriptions:
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Select the benefits of using a Malinkrodt Hi-Lo Evac endotracheal tube.
Select the benefits of using a Malinkrodt Hi-Lo Evac endotracheal tube.
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An endotracheal tube exchanger can be used to remove and replace an endotracheal tube
An endotracheal tube exchanger can be used to remove and replace an endotracheal tube
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A smaller airway will require a smaller amount of pressure to seal a tube against the tracheal wall
A smaller airway will require a smaller amount of pressure to seal a tube against the tracheal wall
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What are some techniques for cuff pressure measurement?
What are some techniques for cuff pressure measurement?
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A Combitube airway is a device that has an esophageal gastric airway and an endotracheal tube.
A Combitube airway is a device that has an esophageal gastric airway and an endotracheal tube.
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A tracheostomy tube bypasses the entire upper airway.
A tracheostomy tube bypasses the entire upper airway.
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A cuffed, disposable tracheostomy tube is typically made of PVC.
A cuffed, disposable tracheostomy tube is typically made of PVC.
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A Kistner button is a type of tracheostomy button that can be used with ventilation
A Kistner button is a type of tracheostomy button that can be used with ventilation
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A suction regulator can be used to reduce high negative pressure.
A suction regulator can be used to reduce high negative pressure.
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A vane-type respirometer requires a flow rate of at least 300 LMP to prevent damage.
A vane-type respirometer requires a flow rate of at least 300 LMP to prevent damage.
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Study Notes
Pulmonary Resuscitation
- Indications: Upper and lower airway obstruction, altered respiratory drive
- Contraindications: Patient does not want resuscitation, documented
- Failure to restore gas exchange: Can cause hypoxia injury or death
Relieving Upper Airway Obstruction
- Repositioning the airway: Move the tongue anteriorly to open the upper airway, tilt the head and move the mandible anteriorly
- Head tilt: Tilt the head backward, supporting the forehead, and slightly hyperextending the neck (sniffing position). Do not use with suspected cervical spine injury.
- Anterior mandibular displacement (Jaw thrust): Opens the airway without spinal cord manipulation. Grasps both sides of the mandible. Artificial airways are designed to maintain the patient's airway.
Oropharyngeal Airway
- Purpose: Relieves obstruction caused by the tongue or soft tissue in unconscious patients.
- Mechanism: Separates the tongue from the posterior wall of the pharynx.
- Size Considerations: Careful selection is critical. Too small can cause further obstruction; too large can cause the epiglottis to shut
- Proper Placement: Right size lifts the base of the tongue posteriorly to the airway.
Nasopharyngeal Airway
- Purpose: Relieves airway obstruction
- Mechanism: Separates the tongue from the soft palate
- Indications: Obstruction relief
- Additional Notes: Frequent nasotracheal suction (suctioning of the nose and trachea) is common.
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Description
This quiz covers essential concepts of pulmonary resuscitation including indications, contraindications, and techniques for relieving upper airway obstruction. Test your knowledge on the proper methods and mechanisms involved in maintaining a patient's airway during emergencies.
