40 Questions
What is the purpose of converting parameters measured at ATPS to BTPS?
To ensure accurate measurement of lung volumes by correcting for environmental cooling of exhaled gas.
What factor is required to convert ATPS measurements to BTPS in Vmax equipment?
Correction factor
Which of the following is classified as an obstructive lung disease?
Asthma
What kind of lung defect is characterized by lung volumes lower than normal?
Pulmonary fibrosis
In pulmonary function tests, what is the purpose of assessing reversible airway obstruction?
To measure the effect of bronchodilator use.
Why might older labs with outdated equipment require RRT to perform calculations?
Because they lack automatic conversion to BTPS.
What is a positive response according to ATS/ERS after administering Albuterol with holding chamber?
10% increase in FVC
Why are patients often prescribed MDIs even if no response is seen on PFT test results?
Because PFT testing may not always detect airway disease
What must patients discontinue prior to Bronchial Challenge Testing?
All inhalers
What is the significance of determining the PD₂ₒ during Bronchial Challenge Testing?
To determine the concentration required to produce a drop in FEV1 of 20% or greater
What is an essential step in preparing for Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs) according to the text?
Suspending the use of bronchodilators prior to the test
What does a decreased DLCO indicate during lung diffusion testing?
Impaired gas exchange in the lungs
How is Forced Expiratory Flow 25-75% calculated?
By a computer using the volume-time curve of expiration
What is one reason for patients needing 10-12 seconds to exhale fully during PFTs?
Significant expiratory flow limitations due to COPD
What is the purpose of body plethysmography in pulmonary function testing?
To measure functional residual capacity
During a helium dilution test, what does a failure to equilibrate indicate?
Presence of an air leak in the equipment
Which condition may lead to an increased washout time during a nitrogen washout test?
Obstructive lung disease
According to ATS/ERS standards for pulmonary function testing, what is a key requirement for test reproducibility?
Two FVC measures varying by more than 150 ml
What is the normal range for the Maximum Voluntary Ventilation (MVV) test?
170 L/min
In the Impulse Oscillometry System (IOS), what value indicates abnormal airway resistance?
> 2 cm H20/L/s
What is the purpose of converting parameters measured at ATPS to BTPS?
To ensure accurate volume measurements considering ambient factors
Why might patients need 10-12 seconds to exhale fully during Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs)?
To allow for complete measurement of lung volumes in all patients
In the context of lung defect classifications, what indicates an Obstructive lung disease?
Expiratory flow greater than normal
What factor is required in Vmax equipment to convert ATPS measurements to BTPS?
Correction factor
What does a decreased DLCO indicate during lung diffusion testing?
Pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)
What is the significance of determining the PD₂ₒ during Bronchial Challenge Testing?
To evaluate airway response
What is the purpose of the Helium Dilution test in pulmonary function testing?
To determine the lung volume by diluting helium
During a nitrogen washout test, what does a washout time of over 7 minutes indicate?
Air trapping
In the 6-Minute Walk test, what is an indicator for the need of further cardiopulmonary testing?
Increased heart rate post-walk
What does the Maximum Voluntary Ventilation (MVV) test assess in patients?
Ventilatory reserve capacity
What is the normal range of airway resistance measured by the Impulse Oscillometry System (IOS)?
1-2 cm H20/L/s
What criteria need to be met for a Pulmonary Function Test (PFT) to be classified as reproducible according to ATS/ERS standards?
Three largest FRC measurements within 5% of each other
What is the normal value for Forced Expiratory Flow 25-75% in a healthy individual?
4-5 L/sec
Which of the following is NOT a common contraindication for Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs)?
Recent ankle sprain
Why do some COPD patients need 10-12 seconds to exhale fully during Pulmonary Function Tests?
To achieve complete exhalation as their condition progresses
What does the Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1) measure during a Pulmonary Function Test?
Volume exhaled during the first second of forced exhalation
What is the mechanism by which the Provocative Dose 20 (PD₂₀) is determined in Bronchial Challenge Testing?
Calculating the dose required for a 20% drop in FEV1
In what sequence are the three tests of lab-based Pulmonary Function Tests typically conducted?
Spirometry, Lung Volumes, Lung Diffusion
What is the primary purpose of bringing a list of all medications when preparing for Pulmonary Function Tests?
To identify any medications that may need to be suspended before the test
What is the purpose of using Nitrogen Washout in measuring lung volumes?
To measure functional residual capacity indirectly
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