Pulmonary Embolism and Criteria Quiz
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Pulmonary Embolism and Criteria Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What typically indicates normal movement in the apex of the right ventricle in patients with pulmonary embolism?

  • Diminished wall motion
  • Increased ventricular size
  • Normal movement (correct)
  • Enhanced contractility

    • Which sign may be observed in the echocardiogram of a patient with pulmonary embolism?

  • McConnell’s sign (correct)
  • Water-hammer pulse
  • Kussmaul's sign
  • Muffling of heart sounds

    • What role does echocardiography play in the context of pulmonary embolism?

  • It is the definitive test for diagnosing pulmonary embolism.
  • It helps to rule out other differential diagnoses. (correct)
  • It confirms the presence of pulmonary embolism.
  • It always indicates the severity of the embolism.

    • Which condition may echocardiography help to differentiate from pulmonary embolism?

    <p>Pericardial effusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a negative echocardiogram indicate in the context of pulmonary embolism?

    <p>Does not rule out pulmonary embolism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a negative CT angio indicate in the presence of high clinical suspicion?

    <p>It does not rule out the possibility of embolism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the 3-point items included in Well's criterion for assessing DVT?

    <p>Signs and Symptoms of DVT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is mentioned as an alternative in assessing perfusion?

    <p>Scan Perfusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition must be considered with respect to gaining 3 points in Well's criterion?

    <p>Diagnosis other than PTE does not justify symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be considered when interpreting a negative CT angio?

    <p>Patient symptoms and clinical history are essential.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about Well's criterion is accurate?

    <p>It includes two 3-point items.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In clinical practice, which statement about Scan Perfusion is accurate?

    <p>It is used as an alternative assessment method.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a score of 3 points in Well's criterion indicate regarding the diagnosis of PTE?

    <p>It signifies that alternate diagnoses do not justify symptoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critical point to remember about using CT angio in suspected embolism cases?

    <p>High clinical suspicion can negate negative results.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the evaluation of signs and symptoms critical in Well's criterion?

    <p>They help assess the likelihood of DVT.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which imaging technique is employed to visualize pulmonary vessels directly?

    <p>CT lung angiography</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common finding on arterial gas analysis in a patient who has pulmonary embolism?

    <p>Decrease in pH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a technique for assessing lung perfusion?

    <p>Blood gas analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a CT lung angiography?

    <p>To detect pulmonary embolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following can be a direct consequence of pulmonary embolism as observed in arterial gas analysis?

    <p>Hypoxia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What substance is released from a clot that causes vasoconstriction?

    <p>Serotonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does vasoconstriction have on blood vessels?

    <p>Decreases their diameter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the release of serotonin from a clot affect blood pressure?

    <p>Increases blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary physiological role of serotonin in the context of clot formation?

    <p>Induce vasoconstriction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to blood pressure when a clot forms and substances like serotonin are released?

    <p>It increases due to vasoconstriction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Well's Criteria

    • Two criteria of Well's criteria are scored with 3 points each:
      • The presence of signs and symptoms of DVT
      • Diagnosis other than PTE not justifying the patient’s symptoms.

    Pulmonary Embolism

    • The apex of the right ventricle usually demonstrates normal movement in patients with pulmonary embolism.
    • McConnell’s sign can be present in patients with Pulmonary Embolism.
    • Echocardiography can be helpful in ruling out other diagnoses such as:
      • Pericardial effusion
      • MI
      • Angina
    • A negative echocardiogram does not rule out pulmonary embolism.
    • Alternative methods like perfusion scan may be used to confirm the diagnosis.
    • A negative CT angiogram does not rule out pulmonary embolism if there is a high clinical suspicion.

    Arterial Gas Analysis

    • A decrease in pH is commonly observed in the arterial gas analysis of patients with pulmonary embolism.
    • The formation of a clot can release substances like serotonin, which causes vasoconstriction and an increase in pressure within the pulmonary arteries.

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    Pulmonary Embolism (PDF)

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the Well's criteria for diagnosing pulmonary embolism and the role of echocardiography in ruling out other conditions. This quiz covers essential aspects of arterial gas analysis and diagnosis confirmation techniques. Perfect for medical students and professionals looking to reinforce their understanding of pulmonary embolism diagnostics.

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