L25 Pulmonary, cutanous and cerebral circulations
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of the pulmonary circulation?

  • To transport oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the aorta
  • To exchange respiratory gases (O2 and CO2) (correct)
  • To transport deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the left atrium
  • To act as a blood reservoir

    • What is the relationship between pressure, volume, and resistance in the pulmonary circulation?

  • Pressure, volume, and resistance are all inversely proportional
  • Pressure and volume are directly proportional, while resistance is inversely proportional (correct)
  • Pressure, volume, and resistance are all directly proportional
  • Pressure and resistance are directly proportional, while volume is inversely proportional

    • What is the characteristic of the pulmonary capillaries?

  • They have a small diameter and few anastomoses
  • They have a large diameter and many anastomoses (correct)
  • They have a large diameter and few anastomoses
  • They have a small diameter and are highly muscular

    • What is the pressure in the pulmonary circulation compared to the systemic circulation?

    <p>The pressure is 1/6 of the systemic circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the deoxygenated blood flow path in the pulmonary circulation?

    <p>From the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery, then to the pulmonary veins, and finally to the left atrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the cutaneous circulation?

    <p>To regulate body temperature and blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the blood-brain barrier in the cerebral circulation?

    <p>To protect the brain from harmful substances while allowing the passage of essential molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of pulmonary capillaries?

    <p>To filter venous blood from clots and debris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mean pulmonary artery pressure?

    <p>15 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the sympathetic nervous system affect the pulmonary circulation?

    <p>It causes pulmonary vasoconstriction, shifting blood to the systemic circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of hypoxia (decreased oxygen tension) on the pulmonary circulation?

    <p>It causes vasoconstriction in affected alveoli, shifting blood to other healthy alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does gravity affect the pulmonary circulation?

    <p>Gravity has a marked effect on the pulmonary circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between pulmonary blood flow and pulmonary resistance?

    <p>Pulmonary blood flow is inversely proportional to pulmonary resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the pulmonary resistance compare to the systemic resistance?

    <p>Pulmonary resistance is 1/7 of systemic resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the standing position, the pattern of pulmonary blood flow is:

    <p>Intermittent at the apex and continuous at the base</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The primary function of arterioles in the cutaneous circulation is:

    <p>Regulating body temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The 'white line reaction' observed in the cutaneous circulation is caused by:

    <p>Constriction of precapillary sphincters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a stage of the 'triple response of Lewis' in the cutaneous circulation?

    <p>Blanching</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The cerebral blood flow is approximately:

    <p>750 ml/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The blood flow to the gray matter of the brain is _____ times higher than the blood flow to the white matter.

    <p>6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The cerebral circulation is particularly sensitive to ischemia and hypoxia due to:

    <p>Its high metabolic rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about brain metabolism?

    <p>Brain metabolism is aerobic (requires oxygen)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate volume of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) surrounding the brain?

    <p>150 ml</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

    <p>Regulation of blood pressure in the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the blood-brain barrier?

    <p>To keep the internal environment of the central nervous system in a homeostatic state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of the blood-brain barrier?

    <p>Neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the pulmonary circulation?

    <p>To transport deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors does NOT affect resistance in the pulmonary circulation?

    <p>Temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the cutaneous circulation?

    <p>To regulate body temperature through vasodilation and vasoconstriction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the cerebral circulation is NOT true?

    <p>The brain can use both glucose and fats as sources of nutrition</p> Signup and view all the answers

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