30 Questions
Which function of the respiratory system involves the elimination of carbon dioxide from the body?
Removal of waste products
What is the role of the vocal cords in the respiratory system?
Voice production
Which function of the respiratory system involves the filtration of airborne particles and the addition of moisture to inhaled air?
Filtration and humidification
What is the role of the olfactory receptors in the respiratory system?
Sense of smell
Which of the following is NOT part of the structural organization of the respiratory system?
Alveoli
Which of the following is a function of the respiratory system?
Transporting oxygen to tissues
What is the function of mucus produced by the mucosa?
To trap and remove foreign particles
Which of the following is a structure found in the nasal cavity?
Turbinates
Which type of epithelium lines the inner lining of the trachea?
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
How many tracheal cartilages are there in total?
16 to 20
What is the function of the tracheal cartilages?
To prevent narrowing of the trachea
What is the smallest subdivision of the bronchial tree?
Terminal bronchioles
Which nerve provides extensive innervation to the lungs?
Vagus nerve
What is the function of serous fluid in the pleural cavity?
To reduce friction between pleural layers
What is the role of surfactant in the lungs?
To facilitate gas exchange in alveoli
What creates a negative pressure between the lung surface and the chest wall?
Pleural pressure
Which of the following sinuses is located deep within the skull, behind the eyes?
Sphenoid sinuses
Which of the following structures is responsible for preventing food and liquids from entering the trachea during swallowing?
Epiglottis
Which of the following is NOT a function of the larynx?
Warming and humidifying inhaled air
What is the structure of the trachea composed of?
Hyaline cartilage rings
Which type of cells in the alveoli produce surfactant, a substance that reduces surface tension in the alveoli?
Type II alveolar cells
What is the function of alveolar macrophages?
To defend the lungs against foreign particles
What is the structure of the respiratory membrane?
Alveolar epithelium, basement membrane, and capillary endothelium
Which lung is larger and heavier?
Right lung
During inspiration, the diaphragm contracts and flattens, while the intercostal muscles between the ribs contract, expanding the chest cavity vertically and laterally. This creates a negative pressure within the thoracic cavity, causing air to
be drawn into the lungs
Which muscles play a crucial role in maintaining lung inflation?
Intercostal muscles and diaphragm
What is the process of moving air in and out of the lungs called?
Pulmonary ventilation
What prevents individual alveoli from collapsing during exhalation?
Interdependence between adjacent alveoli
What happens to the chest cavity during inspiration?
It expands
What are the two main phases of pulmonary ventilation?
Inspiration and expiration
Test your knowledge on pulmonary circulation and its role in the oxygenation process. Explore the journey of deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs and back again.
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