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Questions and Answers
What is the process evident in the change from liquid to solid?
What is the process evident in the change from liquid to solid?
What is the normal boiling point of water in degrees Celsius?
What is the normal boiling point of water in degrees Celsius?
What is the term for the movement of water 'uphill' in the Hydrologic Cycle?
What is the term for the movement of water 'uphill' in the Hydrologic Cycle?
What is the volume of soil around an operating well that will drain during pumping referred to as?
What is the volume of soil around an operating well that will drain during pumping referred to as?
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What is the term for the height to which water will rise in wells located in an artesian aquifer?
What is the term for the height to which water will rise in wells located in an artesian aquifer?
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What change in state is evident in the process of liquid to gas?
What change in state is evident in the process of liquid to gas?
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What is a more compact and faster alternative to Sludge Drying Beds for the separation of water from solids during sludge processing?
What is a more compact and faster alternative to Sludge Drying Beds for the separation of water from solids during sludge processing?
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In the Total Coliform Rule, what is used to establish the minimum number of samples that must be collected and analyzed during a reporting period?
In the Total Coliform Rule, what is used to establish the minimum number of samples that must be collected and analyzed during a reporting period?
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What is the maximum time that may elapse between sample collection and the beginning of the total coliform analysis?
What is the maximum time that may elapse between sample collection and the beginning of the total coliform analysis?
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How long must a sample tap be idle prior to collecting a sample for Lead and Copper Rule compliance?
How long must a sample tap be idle prior to collecting a sample for Lead and Copper Rule compliance?
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What is the cross-sectional area (in square inches) of a 600-foot long pipeline that holds 14,000 gallons of water?
What is the cross-sectional area (in square inches) of a 600-foot long pipeline that holds 14,000 gallons of water?
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An 80-foot diameter reservoir currently holds 825,000 gallons of water. What is the depth of water in this reservoir, measured in feet?
An 80-foot diameter reservoir currently holds 825,000 gallons of water. What is the depth of water in this reservoir, measured in feet?
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How many minutes are required for 175 gpm to pass the entire 1500-foot length of a 12-inch diameter pipeline?
How many minutes are required for 175 gpm to pass the entire 1500-foot length of a 12-inch diameter pipeline?
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Which of the following is considered safe for human consumption?
Which of the following is considered safe for human consumption?
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What is the most significant water quality issue worldwide?
What is the most significant water quality issue worldwide?
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What is the SWTR required level of reduction of viruses?
What is the SWTR required level of reduction of viruses?
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What is the main water quality concern associated with surface water?
What is the main water quality concern associated with surface water?
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Which of the following microorganisms would be most effectively removed from drinking water by filtration?
Which of the following microorganisms would be most effectively removed from drinking water by filtration?
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Which of the following unit processes is a required portion of 'Conventional Treatment' as defined by the SWTR?
Which of the following unit processes is a required portion of 'Conventional Treatment' as defined by the SWTR?
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What is the most commonly applied means for determining if a surface water treatment plant is in compliance with the 'properly operated' requirements of the SWTR?
What is the most commonly applied means for determining if a surface water treatment plant is in compliance with the 'properly operated' requirements of the SWTR?
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Which of the following processes is NOT approved for pathogen removal in a surface water treatment plant?
Which of the following processes is NOT approved for pathogen removal in a surface water treatment plant?
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What is the standard indicator of potential pathogen contamination of a public drinking water system?
What is the standard indicator of potential pathogen contamination of a public drinking water system?
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What steps must be taken when a single routine sample tests positive for total coliform?
What steps must be taken when a single routine sample tests positive for total coliform?
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Which of the following devices is routinely used to reduce system pressures?
Which of the following devices is routinely used to reduce system pressures?
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What is the maximum time requirement for public notification of a Tier 1 Violation?
What is the maximum time requirement for public notification of a Tier 1 Violation?
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How would a drinking water system that serves 22 people through 12 service connections on a year-round basis be classified?
How would a drinking water system that serves 22 people through 12 service connections on a year-round basis be classified?
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What serves as the barrier between the wet side and the dry side of the pump, and what else can serve this function?
What serves as the barrier between the wet side and the dry side of the pump, and what else can serve this function?
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What is the difference between the total static head and the total dynamic head?
What is the difference between the total static head and the total dynamic head?
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Who must be notified at least 48 hours prior to commencing a planned excavation or trenching operation?
Who must be notified at least 48 hours prior to commencing a planned excavation or trenching operation?
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Who must sign off on the Permit before a permit confined space operation may commence?
Who must sign off on the Permit before a permit confined space operation may commence?
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For a confined space to be elevated to 'Permit' status, what must apply to that space?
For a confined space to be elevated to 'Permit' status, what must apply to that space?
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What classification of fire extinguisher should be used to suppress a fire in a storage area holding sacrificial anodes made of magnesium?
What classification of fire extinguisher should be used to suppress a fire in a storage area holding sacrificial anodes made of magnesium?
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To prevent the artificial introduction of odor to water samples, what type of containers must be used for collecting physical analysis?
To prevent the artificial introduction of odor to water samples, what type of containers must be used for collecting physical analysis?
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What analytical method is used to measure turbidity?
What analytical method is used to measure turbidity?
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What can cause dental fluorosis?
What can cause dental fluorosis?
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What is the main purpose of secondary drinking water standards?
What is the main purpose of secondary drinking water standards?
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What disinfectant is formed by the combination of chlorine with ammonia?
What disinfectant is formed by the combination of chlorine with ammonia?
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When disinfectants react with natural organic matter in the water, which of the following is possible to form?
When disinfectants react with natural organic matter in the water, which of the following is possible to form?
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Which of the following would be considered natural organic matter?
Which of the following would be considered natural organic matter?
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What chemical is frequently applied just prior to filtration?
What chemical is frequently applied just prior to filtration?
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What are the typical filtration rates for dual media filters in conventional treatment plants?
What are the typical filtration rates for dual media filters in conventional treatment plants?
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Rapid sand filtration is most commonly associated with:
Rapid sand filtration is most commonly associated with:
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Particle dislodgement in the filtration process is generally undesirable, except during:
Particle dislodgement in the filtration process is generally undesirable, except during:
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A polymer added to the effluent of the sedimentation process is called a:
A polymer added to the effluent of the sedimentation process is called a:
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"Springline" applies to:
"Springline" applies to:
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The agency of the United States federal government responsible for establishing and enforcing drinking water regulations is:
The agency of the United States federal government responsible for establishing and enforcing drinking water regulations is:
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When we consider particles of matter that are atomic or molecular in size, the dominant natural force of nature impacting these particles is:
When we consider particles of matter that are atomic or molecular in size, the dominant natural force of nature impacting these particles is:
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Haloacetic acids are an example of a:
Haloacetic acids are an example of a:
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The term "Springline" applies to:
The term "Springline" applies to:
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Which of the following is most likely to cause raw surface water taste and odor problems?
Which of the following is most likely to cause raw surface water taste and odor problems?
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What is the middle layer of a stratified lake called?
What is the middle layer of a stratified lake called?
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What is the most serious water quality issue associated with surface water supplies?
What is the most serious water quality issue associated with surface water supplies?
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What is the main source of surface water in the Hydrologic Cycle?
What is the main source of surface water in the Hydrologic Cycle?
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Which chemicals are employed for preoxidation at a surface water treatment plant?
Which chemicals are employed for preoxidation at a surface water treatment plant?
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Study Notes
Water Treatment and Hydrologic Cycle
- The process of liquid to solid is evident in freezing.
- The normal boiling point of water is 100°C.
- The term for the movement of water 'uphill' in the Hydrologic Cycle is capillary action.
- The volume of soil around an operating well that will drain during pumping is referred to as the cone of depression.
- The term for the height to which water will rise in wells located in an artesian aquifer is artesian pressure.
Sludge Processing
- A more compact and faster alternative to Sludge Drying Beds for the separation of water from solids during sludge processing is Centrifuges.
Total Coliform Rule
- The minimum number of samples that must be collected and analyzed during a reporting period is established by the population served.
- The maximum time that may elapse between sample collection and the beginning of the total coliform analysis is 30 hours.
- A sample tap must be idle for at least 6 hours prior to collecting a sample for Lead and Copper Rule compliance.
Pipeline and Reservoir Calculations
- The cross-sectional area of a 600-foot long pipeline that holds 14,000 gallons of water is 23.33 square inches.
- The depth of water in an 80-foot diameter reservoir that holds 825,000 gallons of water is 16.25 feet.
- It takes 15 minutes for 175 gpm to pass the entire 1500-foot length of a 12-inch diameter pipeline.
Water Quality and Safety
- Clean water is considered safe for human consumption.
- The most significant water quality issue worldwide is lack of access to clean water.
- The SWTR required level of reduction of viruses is 99.99%.
- The main water quality concern associated with surface water is turbidity.
- Filtration is most effective in removing Cryptosporidium and Giardia from drinking water.
- Coagulation is a required portion of 'Conventional Treatment' as defined by the SWTR.
- The most commonly applied means for determining if a surface water treatment plant is in compliance with the 'properly operated' requirements of the SWTR is through turbidity measurements.
- Ion exchange is not approved for pathogen removal in a surface water treatment plant.
- Total coliform is the standard indicator of potential pathogen contamination of a public drinking water system.
- When a single routine sample tests positive for total coliform, the system must collect and analyze at least three repeat samples.
Water Treatment and Distribution
- Pressure-reducing valves are routinely used to reduce system pressures.
- The maximum time requirement for public notification of a Tier 1 Violation is 24 hours.
- A drinking water system that serves 22 people through 12 service connections on a year-round basis is classified as a non-transient, non-community water system.
- The O-ring or gasket serves as the barrier between the wet side and the dry side of the pump, and can also serve as a backup.
- The difference between the total static head and the total dynamic head is the friction head.
- The utility owner must be notified at least 48 hours prior to commencing a planned excavation or trenching operation.
- The permit issuer must sign off on the Permit before a permit confined space operation may commence.
- For a confined space to be elevated to 'Permit' status, the space must have hazardous conditions.
Fire Safety and Analytical Methods
- A Class D fire extinguisher should be used to suppress a fire in a storage area holding sacrificial anodes made of magnesium.
- To prevent the artificial introduction of odor to water samples, glass or Teflon containers must be used for collecting physical analysis.
- The analytical method used to measure turbidity is nephelometry.
- Excessive fluoride consumption can cause dental fluorosis.
- The main purpose of secondary drinking water standards is to provide aesthetic and nuisance-free water.
- Monochloramine is the disinfectant formed by the combination of chlorine with ammonia.
- When disinfectants react with natural organic matter in the water, disinfection byproducts such as trihalomethanes are possible to form.
- Natural organic matter includes plant and animal decay.
- Alum or ferric chloride is frequently applied just prior to filtration.
- The typical filtration rates for dual media filters in conventional treatment plants are 2-4 gpm/sqft.
- Rapid sand filtration is most commonly associated with conventional treatment.
- Particle dislodgement in the filtration process is generally undesirable, except during backwashing.
- A polymer added to the effluent of the sedimentation process is called a coagulant aid.
- The "Springline" applies to the line where the water level meets the ground surface.
- The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is the agency of the United States federal government responsible for establishing and enforcing drinking water regulations.
- When we consider particles of matter that are atomic or molecular in size, the dominant natural force of nature impacting these particles is van der Waals forces.
- Haloacetic acids are an example of a disinfection byproduct.
- The "Springline" applies to the line where the water level meets the ground surface.
- Algae are most likely to cause raw surface water taste and odor problems.
- The middle layer of a stratified lake is called the thermocline.
- The most serious water quality issue associated with surface water supplies is eutrophication.
- The main source of surface water in the Hydrologic Cycle is precipitation.
- Ozone and chlorine are employed for preoxidation at a surface water treatment plant.
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Test your knowledge on public notification time requirements for Tier 1 Violations and drinking water systems serving a specific number of people and connections.
