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What is the fundamental principle regarding the application of laws as stated by Baroness Hale of Richmond?
What is the fundamental principle regarding the application of laws as stated by Baroness Hale of Richmond?
The laws should apply equally to all individuals, with differentiation only justified by objective differences.
What responsibilities do ministers and public officers have according to the established legal framework?
What responsibilities do ministers and public officers have according to the established legal framework?
They must exercise their powers in good faith, fairly, and within the limits of the authority granted to them.
What role does the law play in the protection of fundamental human rights?
What role does the law play in the protection of fundamental human rights?
The law must provide adequate protection for fundamental human rights.
What is required for resolving civil disputes as per the principles outlined?
What is required for resolving civil disputes as per the principles outlined?
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What is the expectation for adjudicative procedures provided by the state?
What is the expectation for adjudicative procedures provided by the state?
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What does public law constrain in the context of governance?
What does public law constrain in the context of governance?
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List three areas included in public law.
List three areas included in public law.
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How does public law differ from private law?
How does public law differ from private law?
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What role does the Rule of Law play in public law?
What role does the Rule of Law play in public law?
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Explain the traditional dichotomy of public and private law.
Explain the traditional dichotomy of public and private law.
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In what ways has the traditional dichotomy between public and private law become blurred?
In what ways has the traditional dichotomy between public and private law become blurred?
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What principle is emphasized in the video 'A Man for All Seasons' regarding law?
What principle is emphasized in the video 'A Man for All Seasons' regarding law?
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What does the Rule of Law indicate about individual actions within society?
What does the Rule of Law indicate about individual actions within society?
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What distinguishes representative democracy from direct democracy?
What distinguishes representative democracy from direct democracy?
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What is one key benefit of maintaining a democratic political system?
What is one key benefit of maintaining a democratic political system?
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How does democracy produce positive outcomes for the majority compared to dictatorship?
How does democracy produce positive outcomes for the majority compared to dictatorship?
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In what way does civic participation contribute to democracy?
In what way does civic participation contribute to democracy?
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What does 'making laws in futuro' imply about the role of Parliament in a representative democracy?
What does 'making laws in futuro' imply about the role of Parliament in a representative democracy?
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What distinguishes just laws from unjust laws according to the excerpt?
What distinguishes just laws from unjust laws according to the excerpt?
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How does the concept of democracy as ruled by the people manifest in Australia?
How does the concept of democracy as ruled by the people manifest in Australia?
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What is the significance of Winston Churchill's view on democracy?
What is the significance of Winston Churchill's view on democracy?
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In what way does the breaking of laws relate to the idea of justice as presented in the content?
In what way does the breaking of laws relate to the idea of justice as presented in the content?
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According to the excerpt, what role does public scrutiny play in a democracy?
According to the excerpt, what role does public scrutiny play in a democracy?
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What was the main legal issue in The Australian Communist Party v Commonwealth case?
What was the main legal issue in The Australian Communist Party v Commonwealth case?
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What concept of the rule of law is highlighted by the decision in this case?
What concept of the rule of law is highlighted by the decision in this case?
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What were the consequences for a person declared under the Communist Party Dissolution Act 1950?
What were the consequences for a person declared under the Communist Party Dissolution Act 1950?
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How did the High Court's ruling reflect a thin conception of the rule of law?
How did the High Court's ruling reflect a thin conception of the rule of law?
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What does the phrase 'ultra vires' mean in the context of this case?
What does the phrase 'ultra vires' mean in the context of this case?
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What does Dixon J's comment about the Constitution signify?
What does Dixon J's comment about the Constitution signify?
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Why is the rule of law considered a political ideal according to this case?
Why is the rule of law considered a political ideal according to this case?
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In what way did the Cold War context influence the Communist Party Dissolution Act 1950?
In what way did the Cold War context influence the Communist Party Dissolution Act 1950?
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Study Notes
Public Law Definition
- Public law constraints the exercise of public power by government.
- Public law helps people live together harmoniously, safely and with confidence their rights will be respected.
Public Law Subcategories
- Public law includes administrative law, human rights law, constitutional law and statutory interpretation.
Public vs Private Law
- Public law is the foundation of all law.
- Public law determines whether the government has the authority to legislate.
- Public law is a branch of law that deals with the relationships between individuals and institutions, rather than relations between these and the state.
- Private law governs the relations between individuals and institutions.
- Public law regulates interactions between individuals and governments, governments and governments, and between the constituent arms of government.
- Private law regulates interactions between individuals.
- The distinction between public and private law is becoming blurred due to the privatisation of public powers.
Rule of Law
- The rule of law is a fundamental concept that underpins public law.
- The rule of law confers and limits government power.
- According to Baroness Hale of Richmond, the rule of law means:
- The laws of the land should apply equally to all, save to the extent that objective differences justify differentiation.
- Ministers and public officers at all levels must exercise the powers conferred on them in good faith, fairly, for the purpose for which the powers were conferred, without exceeding the limits of such powers and not unreasonably.
- The law must afford adequate protection of fundamental human rights.
- Means must be provided for resolving, without prohibitive cost or inordinate delay, bona fide civil disputes which the parties are themselves able to resolve.
- Adjudicative procedures provided by the state should be fair (that is a fair trial).
- No law can guarantee its own rule.
Communist Party Case
- The Communist Party Case is a landmark case in Australian public law.
- The case concerned legislation enacted by the Federal parliament that sought to outlaw the Communist Party.
- The law was found to be invalid on the basis that it was unconstitutional.
- The case demonstrated that the Parliament must comply with the law of the constitution.
- This case reflects a thin conception of the rule of law.
- The case highlights the principle that no one is above the law.
- Although a law may be popular or deemed necessary, it can be invalid if it contravenes the constitution.
- This case signifies that government is subject to the law but is not legally required to do everything deemed essential to the rule of law.
Democracy Definition
- Democracy is a political system where power is vested in the people and exercised through a system of representation.
- A representative democracy is a system of government in which citizens elect representatives to make decisions on their behalf.
- There are numerous benefits to democracy, such as:
- Allowing individuals to have a say in how they are governed.
- Producing positive outcomes for the majority of people.
- Encouraging civic participation and fostering empathy among citizens.
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Description
This quiz will test your understanding of public law, its definition, subcategories, and its distinction from private law. Explore how public law governs the relationships between individuals and institutions as well as between various governmental bodies. Discover the roles of administrative, human rights, and constitutional law within this framework.