Public Health Interventions
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Questions and Answers

Which health intervention is not typical of primary prevention?

  • Chemoprophylaxis
  • Food Hygiene
  • Community screening (correct)
  • Preventive immunizations
  • What are the key determinants of a community's level of health?

  • Lifestyle, environment, genetics and healthcare
  • Environment, healthcare and economic development
  • Healthcare, disease prevention and rehabilitation
  • Socio-economic conditions, environment and education (correct)
  • What is the correct statement about prevention medicine?

  • Health protection is focused on the individual
  • Prevention medicine to the masses is equal to health promotion
  • All is incorrect (correct)
  • Specific prevention is aimed at the general population
  • What does an Index of 55 indicate?

    <p>A pyramid with high senile and juvenile dependency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered a live birth according to the legal concept?

    <p>The child is born alive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is incorrect about a census?

    <p>It is the responsibility of the Municipality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about gross birth rate?

    <p>It is not a valid health indicator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of health protection?

    <p>The community</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a Swaroop Index closer to 100% indicate?

    <p>Worse healthcare in a country</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is fetal mortality measured from?

    <p>Conception to 28 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do Fritz and Sundbarg indices of 79.94 and 30.27 to 47.71 indicate?

    <p>Mature and regressive population, respectively</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cases should be included in the formula for maternal mortality?

    <p>35-year-old pregnant woman who smokes and stops taking treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following infant mortality rates is incorrect for 2010?

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which indicator gives the average number of children per woman at the end of reproductive life?

    <p>Gross reproduction rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who are the most receptive to health education?

    <p>Persons with acute diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technique should not be used to convey complex messages?

    <p>The indirect method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most cost-effective health education program?

    <p>Health education in school</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of counselling?

    <p>It requires new skills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who should be targeted with persuasive communication?

    <p>Healthy adults</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why was the health promotion movement born?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the Spanish health care system?

    <p>Health services are the response to autonomous activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which health system has more equity and cost control?

    <p>Answers A and B are correct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the flat rate user fee?

    <p>It avoids over-saturation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which health system model corresponds to France's healthcare system?

    <p>Bismarck</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Primary Prevention

    • Food Hygiene is a typical health intervention of primary prevention.
    • Primary prevention includes preventive immunizations and chemoprophylaxis.
    • Community screening is not a typical health intervention of primary prevention.

    Determinants of Health

    • Socio-economic conditions, environment, and education are key determinants of health in a community.
    • Healthcare, disease prevention, and rehabilitation are not the primary determinants of health in a community.

    Prevention and Health Promotion

    • Prevention medicine is not equal to health promotion.
    • Health protection is focused on the individual, not on the masses.
    • Specific prevention is not aimed at the general population.

    Demographic Indices

    • An Index Fritz of 55 does not indicate a population with low life expectancy.
    • An Index Fritz of 55 indicates a regressive population with high health status.
    • An Index Fritz of 55 indicates a population with a high senile and juvenile dependency ratio.

    Live Birth

    • A live birth is defined as a child born alive.
    • The death of a child within 3 hours of birth is not considered a live birth.

    Census

    • Census is not the responsibility of the Municipality.
    • Census collects variables about the residents, the residence, and the building.
    • Census is not individualized.

    Health Indicators

    • Gross birth rate is not a good health indicator for comparing countries with similar social structures.
    • A fertility rate of 2 indicates good prospects for the survival of the species in a country.
    • The Swaroop Index is used to measure healthcare, and a higher index indicates worse healthcare.

    Fetal Mortality

    • Fetal mortality refers to the period from conception to birth.
    • Fetal mortality does not refer to the period from conception to 28 weeks or from birth to 7 days.

    Demographic Indices

    • An Index Fritz of 79.94 and a Sundbarg index of 30.27 to 47.71 indicate a mature and stationary population.
    • An Index Fritz of 79.94 and a Sundbarg index of 30.27 to 47.71 do not indicate a young and progressive population.

    Maternal Mortality

    • Maternal mortality includes the death of a woman due to pregnancy-related complications.
    • Maternal mortality does not include the death of a woman due to receiving drug treatment.

    Infant Mortality

    • Infant mortality rates are used to compare the health of different populations.
    • Infant mortality rates are provided as a numerical value, such as 176 or 149.

    Fertility Rates

    • The general fertility rate is not the average number of children per woman at the end of reproductive life.
    • The synthetic fertility rate is not the average number of children per woman at the end of reproductive life.
    • The gross reproduction rate gives the average number of children per woman at the end of reproductive life.

    Health Education

    • The most receptive to health education are persons with acute diseases.
    • Health education is not most effective for workers exposed to environmental risks.
    • The indirect method of health education is not recommended for use in collective education.

    Health Education Techniques

    • Conferences are not the most effective technique for conveying complex messages.
    • Counselling is a method that requires new skills.
    • Counselling is a unidirectional method.

    Health Promotion

    • The first international conference on primary care took place in Alma-ATA.
    • Health promotion was born due to a situation of social inequalities in health in the world.

    Health Systems

    • The health system with more equity and cost control is the National Health Service model.
    • The free market model is not a system with more equity and cost control.
    • The flat rate user fee is used to avoid over-saturation.

    Health Systems

    • The healthcare system in France corresponds to the Bismarck model.
    • The healthcare system in France does not correspond to the Beveridge model.
    • The healthcare system in France does not correspond to the free market model.

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