Public Health Bioterrorism and Biological Warfare Agents
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Questions and Answers

What is the role of B-lymphocytes in fighting bacteria and viruses?

  • Engulfing and digesting antigens
  • Making Y-shaped proteins called antibodies (correct)
  • Producing signal molecules that activate macrophages
  • Killing virally infected cells

Which cells are best known for killing virally infected cells and controlling early signs of cancer?

  • Macrophages
  • T-lymphocytes
  • Natural Killer Cells (correct)
  • Complement System

What is the causative agent of botulism?

  • B.anthracis
  • C.botulinum (correct)
  • Staphylococcus aureus
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa

What is the primary function of the Complement System?

<p>Binding to surfaces of microorganisms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which pathogen causes plague?

<p>Y.pestis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Lactoferrin and Transferrin in the immune system?

<p>Binding iron required by pathogens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'iatrogenic' mean in the context of infections?

<p>Physician-induced infection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of plague involves swollen and inflamed lymph nodes (buboes)?

<p>Bubonic plague (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Interferons in the immune response?

<p>Inhibiting viral replication (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecules play a role in antigen presentation and rejection of foreign tissue transplants?

<p>MHC Molecules (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterium is a common cause of iatrogenic infections?

<p>Staphylococcus aureus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which pathogen produces a neurotoxin that can be fatal?

<p>C.botulinum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of death associated with healthcare-associated infections?

<p>Lower respiratory tract infections (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should soiled textiles be handled according to the text?

<p>Handled in a safe manner (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of infection represents about 14% of healthcare-associated infections?

<p>Bloodstream infections (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common name for Clostridium difficile infections?

<p>C.difficile-associated diseases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of Pseudomembranous colitis?

<p>Sloughing off of colon lining sections (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which activity must employees comply with to ensure environmental control in hospitals?

<p>Proper care and routine disinfection procedures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe a disease that comes on more suddenly than a chronic disease, but less suddenly than an acute disease?

<p>Subacute disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to evidence of a disease that is experienced by the patient and is subjective in nature?

<p>Symptom (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of pathogens must live within host cells in order to survive and multiply?

<p>Obligate intracellular pathogens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do adhesins (ligands) do as virulence factors for pathogens?

<p>Enable pathogens to recognize and bind to host cell receptors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are flagella considered virulence factors for bacteria?

<p>They allow bacteria to invade aqueous areas of the body (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean when a disease is described as asymptomatic?

<p>The patient is not experiencing any symptoms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of vasodilation in the inflammation process?

<p>To increase blood flow to the site of injury (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of increased capillary permeability during inflammation?

<p>To allow leukocytes to escape from capillaries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of emigration of leukocytes in the inflammation process?

<p>To accumulate at the site of injury to combat pathogens (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What triggers an inflammatory response according to the text?

<p>Physical, chemical, or biological agents (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the final step in the inflammation response process?

<p>Phagocytosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In inflammation, what is the function of chemotaxis?

<p>To guide neutrophils and macrophages to the site of injury (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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