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Questions and Answers
What is likely to be beneficial in preventing PTSD in people with acute stress disorder?
What is likely to be beneficial in preventing PTSD in people with acute stress disorder?
What is recommended by NICE for mild symptoms present for less than 4 weeks after the trauma?
What is recommended by NICE for mild symptoms present for less than 4 weeks after the trauma?
What intervention should be offered to those with severe post-traumatic symptoms or severe PTSD in the first month after the traumatic event?
What intervention should be offered to those with severe post-traumatic symptoms or severe PTSD in the first month after the traumatic event?
What is included in trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy?
What is included in trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy?
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How often should psychological treatments be delivered?
How often should psychological treatments be delivered?
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Who should deliver psychological treatments?
Who should deliver psychological treatments?
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What is recommended for further specialist management in terms of psychological treatments?
What is recommended for further specialist management in terms of psychological treatments?
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What is not recommended by NICE for mild symptoms present for less than 4 weeks after the trauma?
What is not recommended by NICE for mild symptoms present for less than 4 weeks after the trauma?
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What type of therapy is recommended when symptoms are present within 3 months of a trauma?
What type of therapy is recommended when symptoms are present within 3 months of a trauma?
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What is the recommended frequency for conducting psychological treatments?
What is the recommended frequency for conducting psychological treatments?
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Why is it important to have the same person deliver psychological treatments?
Why is it important to have the same person deliver psychological treatments?
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What type of medication is recommended for short-term use after four consecutive nights of sleep disturbance?
What type of medication is recommended for short-term use after four consecutive nights of sleep disturbance?
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What is the recommended intervention when symptoms of trauma are present for more than 3 months?
What is the recommended intervention when symptoms of trauma are present for more than 3 months?
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What is the primary goal of trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy?
What is the primary goal of trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy?
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What is a key component of trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy?
What is a key component of trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy?
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Why is nonbenzodiazepine medication recommended for short-term use?
Why is nonbenzodiazepine medication recommended for short-term use?
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What is the recommended alternative approach to address prolonged symptoms when trauma-focused psychological treatments show limited improvement?
What is the recommended alternative approach to address prolonged symptoms when trauma-focused psychological treatments show limited improvement?
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Which medication is considered NICE second-line and licensed for PTSD in the UK?
Which medication is considered NICE second-line and licensed for PTSD in the UK?
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What did the meta-analysis by Bisson et al. (2007) reveal about the efficacy of Trauma-Focused CBT (TFCBT) and Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR)?
What did the meta-analysis by Bisson et al. (2007) reveal about the efficacy of Trauma-Focused CBT (TFCBT) and Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR)?
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What did the Cochrane review show about the efficacy of psychological debriefing after trauma?
What did the Cochrane review show about the efficacy of psychological debriefing after trauma?
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Which therapy is considered as an alternative to pharmacological treatment for PTSD?
Which therapy is considered as an alternative to pharmacological treatment for PTSD?
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What is the primary goal of trauma-focused psychological treatments?
What is the primary goal of trauma-focused psychological treatments?
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Which of the following is not a recommended treatment approach for PTSD?
Which of the following is not a recommended treatment approach for PTSD?
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What is the primary advantage of Trauma-Focused CBT (TFCBT) over other treatment approaches?
What is the primary advantage of Trauma-Focused CBT (TFCBT) over other treatment approaches?
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Study Notes
Prevention of PTSD
- Multiple-session CBT is likely to be beneficial in preventing PTSD in people with acute stress disorder.
- It reduces PTSD compared to supportive counselling.
Initial Management in Primary Care
- Watchful waiting is recommended for mild symptoms present for less than 4 weeks after the trauma.
- This approach is cautious and part of the initial management in primary care.
Intervention for Severe Symptoms
- Trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (TFCBT) is recommended for severe post-traumatic symptoms or severe PTSD in the first month after the traumatic event.
- TFCBT includes a combination of exposure therapy, cognitive therapy, and stress management.
Psychological Treatments
- Psychological treatments should be done in a regular and continuous manner (usually at least once a week).
- They should be delivered by the same person.
Medication for PTSD
- Paroxetine is considered NICE second line and is licensed for PTSD in the UK.
- Nonbenzodiazepine medication is recommended for short-term use after four consecutive nights of sleep disturbance.
Efficacy of Trauma-Focused Interventions
- There is no evidence of a difference in efficacy between TFCBT and EMDR.
- The Cochrane review showed that psychological debriefing after trauma is either ineffective or even worse than control or educational interventions.
Timing of Interventions
- Trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy is recommended when symptoms are present within 3 months of a trauma.
- Pharmacological treatment is recommended when symptoms of trauma persist for more than 3 months.
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Description
This quiz covers the benefits of multiple-session CBT in preventing PTSD and the NICE recommendations for managing acute stress disorder. It discusses the role of watchful waiting in primary care and supportive counselling.
