7 Questions
When should resistance be used in Manual Muscle Testing (MMT)?
Only for MMT grades > 3
How should resistance be applied during a 'break' test?
Resistance applied gradually from minimal to maximal
For how long should resistance be held during MMT?
4-5 seconds
At which point should resistance be applied in relation to gravity resisted ROM?
At the end of gravity resisted ROM
Where is it appropriate to apply resistance during MMT?
Distal end where the muscle inserts
How should resistance be directed during MMT?
Perpendicularly to the distal end of the distal segment being tested
According to standard procedure, how far distally should resistance be applied?
Only at the distal end of the bone where the muscle inserts
Study Notes
Pt Positioning
- Distal segment of the joint is placed in a desired position, considering gravity eliminated or resisted positions
- Proximal segment must be stabilized through pt positioning, testing surface, or manual hold by the examiner
Stabilization
- Muscle origin must be firmly fixed to prevent motion restriction
- Begin with joint at the beginning of ROM
- Optimize examiner's body mechanics
- Ensure the patient can assume the position
Assessing Passive Range of Motion (PROM)
- Assess the available anatomical joint ROM to rule out any inert barriers to movement that may impact MMT
- Palpate and assess AROM (active range of motion)
Applying Resistance in MMT
- Only apply resistance for MMT grades greater than 3
- Use the break test, gradually increasing resistance from minimal to maximal
- Hold resistance for 4-5 seconds
- Apply resistance perpendicularly to the distal end of the distal segment being tested
- Do not apply resistance further distally than the bone where the muscle inserts
- Refer to Clarkson text for standard procedure
- Apply resistance at the end of gravity-resisted ROM
Learn about the importance of proper patient positioning in manual muscle testing, including the positioning of distal and proximal segments. Understand the role of gravity and stabilization in achieving accurate results.
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