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Questions and Answers
When should resistance be used in Manual Muscle Testing (MMT)?
When should resistance be used in Manual Muscle Testing (MMT)?
- Only for MMT grades > 3 (correct)
- Only for MMT grades ≤ 3
- Only for MMT grades = 3
- For all MMT grades
How should resistance be applied during a 'break' test?
How should resistance be applied during a 'break' test?
- Resistance applied perpendicularly only
- Maximal resistance applied immediately
- Resistance applied gradually from minimal to maximal (correct)
- Minimal resistance maintained constantly
For how long should resistance be held during MMT?
For how long should resistance be held during MMT?
- 6-7 seconds
- 4-5 seconds (correct)
- 2-3 seconds
- 1-2 seconds
At which point should resistance be applied in relation to gravity resisted ROM?
At which point should resistance be applied in relation to gravity resisted ROM?
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Where is it appropriate to apply resistance during MMT?
Where is it appropriate to apply resistance during MMT?
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How should resistance be directed during MMT?
How should resistance be directed during MMT?
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According to standard procedure, how far distally should resistance be applied?
According to standard procedure, how far distally should resistance be applied?
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Study Notes
Pt Positioning
- Distal segment of the joint is placed in a desired position, considering gravity eliminated or resisted positions
- Proximal segment must be stabilized through pt positioning, testing surface, or manual hold by the examiner
Stabilization
- Muscle origin must be firmly fixed to prevent motion restriction
- Begin with joint at the beginning of ROM
- Optimize examiner's body mechanics
- Ensure the patient can assume the position
Assessing Passive Range of Motion (PROM)
- Assess the available anatomical joint ROM to rule out any inert barriers to movement that may impact MMT
- Palpate and assess AROM (active range of motion)
Applying Resistance in MMT
- Only apply resistance for MMT grades greater than 3
- Use the break test, gradually increasing resistance from minimal to maximal
- Hold resistance for 4-5 seconds
- Apply resistance perpendicularly to the distal end of the distal segment being tested
- Do not apply resistance further distally than the bone where the muscle inserts
- Refer to Clarkson text for standard procedure
- Apply resistance at the end of gravity-resisted ROM
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