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Questions and Answers
What is the term used to describe a situation where a person is experiencing more than one illness at the same time?
What is the term used to describe a situation where a person is experiencing more than one illness at the same time?
What is the typical unit used to express mortality rates?
What is the typical unit used to express mortality rates?
Which of the following is NOT a subset of morbidity?
Which of the following is NOT a subset of morbidity?
What is the term used to describe a situation where a disease causes more deaths than expected?
What is the term used to describe a situation where a disease causes more deaths than expected?
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Which of the following best describes the purpose of a study in the context of epidemiology?
Which of the following best describes the purpose of a study in the context of epidemiology?
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Which type of study design is used to determine how many individuals in the population have a specific disease?
Which type of study design is used to determine how many individuals in the population have a specific disease?
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What is a potential problem with ecological studies?
What is a potential problem with ecological studies?
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Which of these study designs is NOT considered a quantitative study?
Which of these study designs is NOT considered a quantitative study?
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Which study design is used to assess the incidence of a disease?
Which study design is used to assess the incidence of a disease?
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What is a key difference between a cross-sectional analytical study and a cross-sectional observational study?
What is a key difference between a cross-sectional analytical study and a cross-sectional observational study?
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Flashcards
Morbidity
Morbidity
The state of having an illness or medical condition.
Comorbidity
Comorbidity
When a person suffers from more than one illness simultaneously.
Mortality
Mortality
The number of deaths due to a specific illness over a period.
Mortality Rate
Mortality Rate
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Excess Mortality
Excess Mortality
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Cohort Study
Cohort Study
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Case Control Study
Case Control Study
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Cross Sectional Study
Cross Sectional Study
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Ecological Study
Ecological Study
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Disease Registries
Disease Registries
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Study Notes
Epidemiology and Rehabilitation (PT-110) - Basics of Epidemiological Data
- Focuses on the fundamentals of epidemiological data crucial for understanding health issues
Morbidity
- Morbidity is the state of having an illness or medical condition (mental or physical)
- Subsets of morbidity include incidence and prevalence
- Comorbidity exists when a person has more than one illness simultaneously
Common types of Morbidity
- Heart disease
- Cancer
- Stroke
- Alzheimer's disease
- Influenza
- Suicide
Mortality
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Mortality refers to the number of deaths caused by a specific illness or disease during a particular time frame
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Mortality rates indicate the incidence of death within a specific population over a given time period
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Rates are typically expressed as the number of cases per 100,000
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Example: Lung cancer mortality in US males is approximately 40 per 100,000
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Excess mortality occurs when an event or disease triggers more deaths than anticipated
Epidemiological Studies
- A scientific method used to answer questions by collecting data from a selected population
- Analytical epidemiological studies are quantitative in nature
- Observational studies are qualitative
Study Designs
- Cohort Study: A forward-looking, longitudinal study (prospective or retrospective) that investigates incidence. It tracks a group of individuals to determine if exposure to a risk factor correlates with the development of a disease.
- Case-Control Study: A retrospective study that identifies a group of people with a disease and compares their exposure to a risk factor with a comparison group of people without the disease.
- Cross-Sectional Analytical Study: Examines a population's cross-section at a single point in time to measure exposure and outcome simultaneously. Example: BMI and serum cholesterol
- Cross-Sectional Observational Study: Focuses on the prevalence (how common), not the incidence of a disease. Used in investigations of non-fatal diseases.
- Ecological Study: Based on group-level data (e.g., average dietary fat intake and rates of a particular disease), not individual data. Cannot establish cause-effect relationships.
Disease Registries
- Databases specifically designed to collect information about individuals diagnosed with a particular disease.
- Registries can be built at hospital or population level.
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Description
Explore the fundamentals of epidemiological data essential for understanding health issues in physiotherapy. This quiz covers key concepts like morbidity, mortality, and common health conditions. Gain insights into disease incidence and prevalence as well as mortality rates.
