Psychopharmacology and Medication Management Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which symptom categories underlie personality disorders, according to the text?

Cognitive–perceptual distortions, mood dysregulation, impulsive behavior, and cognitive disturbances

Cognitive–perceptual distortions, affective symptoms, aggression, and anxiety (correct)

Psychotic symptoms, affective dysregulation, impulsive behavior, and anxiety

Psychotic symptoms, mood dysregulation, aggression, and anxiety

Which temperament is associated with categories of affective dysregulation, detachment, and cognitive disturbances?

High reward dependence

High harm avoidance

Low reward dependence (correct)

High novelty seeking

Which type of aggression corresponds to the target symptoms of impulsiveness and aggression?

Organic-like impulsivity

Impulsive aggression (correct)

Predatory or cruel behavior

Poor social judgment

What chronic symptoms usually respond to low-dose antipsychotic medications?

Cognitive–perceptual disturbances Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT described as a type of aggression in people with personality disorders?

Normal electroencephalogram Signup and view all the answers

What does high harm avoidance correspond to, according to the text?

Anxiety and depression symptoms Signup and view all the answers

Which antidepressant can cause seizures at a rate four times higher than other antidepressants?

Bupropion Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended therapeutic level of lithium for bipolar disorder treatment?

1 mEq/L Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is considered a first-line agent in bipolar disorder treatment?

Lithium Signup and view all the answers

What can occur when combining MAOIs and SSRIs?

Serotonin syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential consequence of taking lamotrigine in children younger than 16 years?

Serious rashes Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of mood-stabilizing drugs such as lithium and anticonvulsants?

To stabilize mood and treat bipolar disorder Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitters do antidepressants primarily interact with?

Norepinephrine and serotonin Signup and view all the answers

What are SSRIs primarily effective in treating?

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) Signup and view all the answers

Which medications are often better choices for potentially suicidal or highly impulsive clients?

Nefazodone and bupropion Signup and view all the answers

What symptoms are included in mood dysregulation?

Emotional instability, emotional detachment, depression, and dysphoria Signup and view all the answers

Which group of antidepressants were the first choice for depression treatment despite side effects?

Tricyclic and related cyclic antidepressants Signup and view all the answers

What are atypical depression often treated with?

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of antidepressant medication may cause priapism, a sustained and painful erection that necessitates immediate treatment and discontinuation of the drug?

Trazodone Signup and view all the answers

Which class of antidepressants has fewer side effects compared to cyclic compounds and may cause anxiety, agitation, nausea, insomnia, sexual dysfunction, and less weight gain?

SSRIs Signup and view all the answers

Which antidepressant medication needs 2 to 4 weeks to be effective?

MAOIs Signup and view all the answers

Which type of antidepressant medication commonly causes dry mouth, constipation, urinary issues, orthostatic hypotension, sedation, weight gain, and tachycardia?

Cyclic antidepressants Signup and view all the answers

Which antidepressant medication can cause a hypertensive crisis if combined with certain foods or drugs?

MAOIs Signup and view all the answers

Which antidepressant medication is being studied as a potential alternative to oral MAOIs in the form of a transdermal patch?

Selegiline Signup and view all the answers

What are the side effects of lithium therapy?

Nausea, diarrhea, hand tremor, polydipsia, and polyuria Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential toxic effect of lithium and when is dialysis indicated?

Severe diarrhea, vomiting, muscle weakness, and lack of coordination; indicated if levels exceed 3 mEq/L Signup and view all the answers

What are potential side effects of carbamazepine and valproic acid?

Hepatic failure and life-threatening pancreatitis Signup and view all the answers

How do benzodiazepines mediate their actions in the brain?

By binding to a specific site on the GABA receptor Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes drugs with longer half-lives from those with shorter half-lives?

They require less frequent dosing and produce fewer rebound effects between doses Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes benzodiazepines from buspirone in terms of dependence and withdrawal symptoms?

Benzodiazepines may cause physical and psychological dependence, with significant discontinuation symptoms resembling the original symptoms for which the client sought treatment, but buspirone does not cause this type of dependence Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Psychopharmacology and Medication Management

Valproic acid is available in various forms with dosages ranging from 1,000 to 1,500 mg/day, and its extreme dosage range is 750 to 3,000 mg/day.
Serum drug levels are monitored for therapeutic levels of anticonvulsants, and side effects of lithium therapy include nausea, diarrhea, hand tremor, polydipsia, and polyuria.
Toxic effects of lithium include severe diarrhea, vomiting, muscle weakness, and lack of coordination, and if levels exceed 3 mEq/L, dialysis may be indicated.
Side effects of carbamazepine and valproic acid include drowsiness, sedation, dry mouth, and blurred vision, while topiramate causes dizziness, sedation, weight loss, and increased incidence of renal calculi.
Valproic acid can cause hepatic failure and life-threatening pancreatitis, and carbamazepine can cause aplastic anemia and agranulocytosis.
For clients taking lithium and anticonvulsants, monitoring blood levels periodically is important, and taking these medications with meals minimizes nausea.
Antianxiety drugs, such as benzodiazepines, are widely prescribed for anxiety, insomnia, and other disorders, and they may also be prescribed for their anticonvulsant and muscle relaxant effects.
Benzodiazepines mediate the actions of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA in the brain by binding to a specific site on the GABA receptor, while buspirone is believed to exert its anxiolytic effect by acting as a partial agonist at serotonin receptors.
Drugs with longer half-lives require less frequent dosing and produce fewer rebound effects between doses, while drugs with shorter half-lives do not accumulate in the body or cause next-day sedation but have rebound effects and require more frequent dosing.
Benzodiazepines may cause physical and psychological dependence, with significant discontinuation symptoms resembling the original symptoms for which the client sought treatment, but buspirone does not cause this type of dependence.
Common side effects of benzodiazepines are associated with CNS depression, and psychological dependence on benzodiazepines is common, leading to overuse or abuse.
It is important to monitor blood levels periodically for clients taking lithium and anticonvulsants, and taking these medications with meals minimizes nausea. Clients should not attempt to drive until certain side effects have subsided.

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Description

Test your knowledge of psychopharmacology and medication management with this quiz. Explore topics such as monitoring serum drug levels, side effects of various medications, and the impact of different drug half-lives. Sharpen your understanding of antianxiety drugs, their mechanisms of action, and potential dependence issues.