Psychopharmacology and Anxiety Disorders Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which medication is specifically indicated for PTSD treatment?

  • Paroxetine (correct)
  • Sertraline
  • Buspirone
  • Agomelatine

What is a characteristic of Buspirone in psychopharmacology?

  • It causes CNS synergism.
  • It has a rapid onset of action.
  • It leads to substance dependence.
  • It is a selective serotonin agonist. (correct)

Which of the following best describes the role of Flumazenil?

  • Overdose antidote (correct)
  • Serotonergic antidepressant
  • β-blocker for anxiety treatment
  • Melatonin agonist

What condition is Agomelatine primarily associated with treating?

<p>Insomnia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is classified as a partial serotonin agonist?

<p>Vilazodone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following anxiety disorders can be treated with anxiolytics?

<p>Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the first barbiturate introduced for use in the treatment of insomnia?

<p>Phenobarbital (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which GABA binding reduces neuronal excitability?

<p>Increases $Cl^−$ influx (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which class of drugs emerged in the 1960s as a safer alternative to barbiturates?

<p>Benzodiazepines (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What issue has emerged concerning benzodiazepines today?

<p>They are involved in a significant portion of overdose deaths when combined with other substances. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant risk associated with benzodiazepines?

<p>Fatal interactions with other drugs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which pharmacokinetic property affects the onset speed of a drug?

<p>Lipid solubility (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common effect of withdrawal from benzodiazepines?

<p>Vivid dreaming (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are long-acting benzodiazepines unsuitable for elderly patients?

<p>They may remain in the system for weeks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What mechanism do benzodiazepines use to exert their effects?

<p>Bind to a regulatory site on the GABAA receptor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Sedative-Hypnotics

Medications used to treat anxiety, sleep disturbances, and seizures. They work by calming the nervous system.

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

A condition characterized by persistent and excessive worry that is difficult to control. It can lead to physical symptoms like muscle tension and fatigue.

GABAA Receptor

A protein complex in the brain that plays a key role in regulating neuronal activity. It has binding sites for various drugs, including GABA, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, and ethyl alcohol.

Benzodiazepines (e.g., Librium)

A class of drugs that are safer than barbiturates and are commonly used to treat anxiety and sleep problems.

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Barbiturates (e.g., Phenobarbital)

An older class of drugs that increase the effect of GABA, leading to a decrease in neuronal activity. They have a relatively high overdose risk.

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Benzodiazepines: Mechanism

They work by enhancing the effects of GABA (a neurotransmitter that inhibits nerve activity) without directly stimulating the GABAA receptor.

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Barbiturates: Clinical Uses

Historically used for anxiety, insomnia, and epilepsy, but mostly replaced by benzodiazepines due to their risks like high dependence.

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Short-acting barbiturates: Effect

They have a rapid onset, making them suitable for anesthesia, as they quickly induce sleep.

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Long-acting benzodiazepines: Metabolism

They can remain in the body for weeks, especially in older adults.

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Benzodiazepine Use: Anxiety

Benzodiazepines are used for short-term management of anxiety, but aren't suitable for long-term use.

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Floppy Infant Syndrome

A condition in newborns characterized by low birth weight and developmental delays, often associated with maternal drug use during pregnancy.

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Flumazenil (Anexate)

An antidote used to reverse the effects of benzodiazepine overdose.

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SSRIs

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, a class of antidepressants that increase serotonin levels in the brain.

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Vilazodone (Viibryd)

A partial serotonin agonist used to treat Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD).

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Buspirone

A selective serotonin agonist that helps relieve anxiety without causing dependence.

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