Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus of a conception of psychopathology?
What is the primary focus of a conception of psychopathology?
- To determine which psychological experiences are considered pathological (correct)
- To explain the causes of mental disorders
- To establish treatment plans for disorders
- To diagnose individuals using statistical models
Which of the following is NOT a conception of psychopathology discussed in the content?
Which of the following is NOT a conception of psychopathology discussed in the content?
- Cognitive-behavioral dysfunction (correct)
- Statistical deviance
- Social deviance
- Maladaptive behavior
A major limitation of defining psychopathology as statistical deviance is:
A major limitation of defining psychopathology as statistical deviance is:
- It does not consider neurobiological causes
- It focuses only on maladaptive behaviors
- It does not consider distress and disability
- It considers only one side of deviation as problematic (e.g., disability but not genius) (correct)
Which of the following best describes the maladaptive behavior model of psychopathology?
Which of the following best describes the maladaptive behavior model of psychopathology?
What are the two main criteria for defining a disorder according to Wakefield’s Harmful Dysfunction Model?
What are the two main criteria for defining a disorder according to Wakefield’s Harmful Dysfunction Model?
The dimensional model of psychopathology differs from the categorical model by viewing disorders as:
The dimensional model of psychopathology differs from the categorical model by viewing disorders as:
One criticism of defining psychopathology solely based on statistical deviance is that it:
One criticism of defining psychopathology solely based on statistical deviance is that it:
According to Wakefield's Harmful Dysfunction Model, what two elements must be present for a mental disorder to be diagnosed?
According to Wakefield's Harmful Dysfunction Model, what two elements must be present for a mental disorder to be diagnosed?
Which of the following is a key difference between the DSM and ICD classification systems?
Which of the following is a key difference between the DSM and ICD classification systems?
Which of the following is an example of "dyscontrol" in psychopathology?
Which of the following is an example of "dyscontrol" in psychopathology?
Which statement accurately describes the DSM-5 definition of a mental disorder?
Which statement accurately describes the DSM-5 definition of a mental disorder?
Which of the following is NOT a conception of psychopathology discussed in the presented material?
Which of the following is NOT a conception of psychopathology discussed in the presented material?
Which of the following is a key limitation of defining psychopathology solely as social deviance?
Which of the following is a key limitation of defining psychopathology solely as social deviance?
The maladaptive behavior model of psychopathology defines mental disorders based on:
The maladaptive behavior model of psychopathology defines mental disorders based on:
Which of these statements regarding the DSM-5 and ICD-11 is TRUE?
Which of these statements regarding the DSM-5 and ICD-11 is TRUE?
Which of the following best describes a primary focus of a conception of psychopathology?
Which of the following best describes a primary focus of a conception of psychopathology?
What is a key advantage of the dimensional model of psychopathology over the categorical model?
What is a key advantage of the dimensional model of psychopathology over the categorical model?
Which of the following is NOT a potential problem with defining mental disorders solely as statistical deviance?
Which of the following is NOT a potential problem with defining mental disorders solely as statistical deviance?
The concept of "dyscontrol" in psychopathology is best understood as:
The concept of "dyscontrol" in psychopathology is best understood as:
Which of the following statements about Wakefield's Harmful Dysfunction Model is FALSE?
Which of the following statements about Wakefield's Harmful Dysfunction Model is FALSE?
The DSM-5 and ICD-11 differ primarily in:
The DSM-5 and ICD-11 differ primarily in:
Flashcards
Focus of psychopathology
Focus of psychopathology
To determine which psychological experiences are considered pathological.
Not a conception of psychopathology
Not a conception of psychopathology
Cognitive-behavioral dysfunction is not discussed in the context of psychopathology conceptions.
Limitation of statistical deviance
Limitation of statistical deviance
It does not consider distress and disability in defining psychopathology.
Maladaptive behavior model
Maladaptive behavior model
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Wakefield’s Harmful Dysfunction Model criteria
Wakefield’s Harmful Dysfunction Model criteria
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Cultural influence on psychopathology
Cultural influence on psychopathology
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Objective criteria
Objective criteria
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Inconsistency in diagnosis
Inconsistency in diagnosis
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Dimensional model vs. categorical model
Dimensional model vs. categorical model
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DSM vs. ICD
DSM vs. ICD
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Example of dyscontrol
Example of dyscontrol
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Harmful Dysfunction Model
Harmful Dysfunction Model
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Definition of mental disorder (DSM-5)
Definition of mental disorder (DSM-5)
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Statistical deviance limitation
Statistical deviance limitation
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Social deviance issue
Social deviance issue
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Spectrum of psychopathology
Spectrum of psychopathology
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Dysregulation definition
Dysregulation definition
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Wakefield’s criteria for disorder
Wakefield’s criteria for disorder
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True/False on DSM-5
True/False on DSM-5
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Study Notes
Psychopathology Conceptions
- Primary Focus: Determining which psychological experiences are considered pathological, rather than explaining causes or establishing treatments.
Different Conceptions
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Statistical Deviance: Defining psychopathology based on statistical infrequency, however, this may not account for variability (e.g., genius is not considered a disorder despite being statistically different). A major limitation is that it doesn't account for distress/disability.
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Maladaptive Behavior: Describes behaviors that cause distress or hinder daily functioning as psychopathological. It's concerned with the impact on a person's ability to function, rather than the rarity of the behavior itself. This model considers the impact of behaviors, and acknowledges distress and dysfunction.
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Social Deviance: Defines psychopathology based on societal norms. A substantial problem is that social norms shift across time and cultures, resulting in fluctuating diagnoses.
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Harmful Dysfunction Model (Wakefield): Combines biological dysfunction (mental mechanisms) and harmful consequences from a cultural perspective.
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Cognitive-Behavioral Dysfunction (not discussed): This wasn't mentioned as a conception in the presented information.
Defining Mental Disorders
- DSM-5: Defines disorders as syndromes causing significant distress or dysfunction while the models emphasize the importance of dysfunction and distress. The DSM-5 does not consider normal reactions (e.g., grief) as disorders unless causing problems. It's not exclusively biological.
Models Comparison
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Dimensional Model: Views disorders along a spectrum of severity, opposing the categorical approach that divides disorders with clear boundaries.
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Categorical Model: A model viewing disorders as distinctly separate entities (e.g., either diagnosed with depression or not).
Classification Systems
- DSM and ICD: Both used to classify mental disorders but the DSM is predominantly used in the U.S. and the ICD is a global standard. The DSM utilizes ICD codes, yet has independent diagnostic criteria. The ICD systems do not exclude mental illness.
Dyscontrol
- Dyscontrol (or dysregulation): A psychopathological aspect focusing on the inability to control emotions or behaviors resulting in maladaptive actions. It considers involuntary behaviors as psychopathological.
Important Considerations
- Cultural norms play a crucial role in deciding what is considered abnormal.
- Mental disorders are multifaceted, often influenced by both biological and environmental factors.
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