Psychometrics: Test Validity and Reliability

Questions and Answers

What is test validity?

The test is administered to a large sample

The test measures what it is supposed to measure (correct)

The test reflects a theory with empirical evidence

The test gives comparable scores to other tests

What does content validity ensure?

All subtests and items measure what they are designed to measure

What is criterion-related validity?

That the test can adequately predict performance on other tasks that most people agree requires intelligence.

What is concurrent validity?

The test gives comparable scores to other tests known to be valid. Signup and view all the answers

Define construct validity.

The test provides a good reflection of the theory on which it is based and there is empirical evidence supporting the theory. Signup and view all the answers

What is test reliability?

Test consistently measures what it is supposed to each time it is given. Signup and view all the answers

Explain test-retest reliability.

Given the intelligence test to the same group of people on two different occasions and then comparing the two sets of scores. Signup and view all the answers

What does parallel-forms reliability entail?

Giving a different version of the same test instead of using the exact same test again. Signup and view all the answers

What is split-half reliability?

Dividing the original test in half. Signup and view all the answers

Define internal consistency.

Correlations between different items in the test to determine consistency. Signup and view all the answers

What is inter-rater reliability?

Checking that different test administrators get similar results. Signup and view all the answers

What is standardisation and norms in testing?

Administered to a large sample representative of the population with similar conditions and instructions for all tests. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Test Validity

Refers to the extent a test measures what it is supposed to measure.
Content validity ensures all subtests and items address the specific material intended (e.g., a chapter test only covers that chapter's material).
Criterion-related validity indicates a test's ability to predict performance on tasks that require intelligence, as agreed upon by most people.
Concurrent validity assesses if a test yields scores that are comparable to other established valid tests.
Construct validity demonstrates that a test accurately reflects the theoretical construct it is based on, supported by empirical evidence.

Test Reliability

Test reliability indicates that a test consistently measures what it aims to measure across different administrations.
Test-retest reliability involves administering the same test to the same group on different occasions and comparing scores, noting potential practice effects.
Parallel-forms reliability entails using a different version of the same test to measure consistency.
Split-half reliability is determined by dividing the test into two halves and ensuring their scores correlate.
Internal consistency checks the correlation between different items of the same test to determine reliability.
Inter-rater reliability assesses the agreement of results between different test administrators.

Standardisation and Norms

Standardised tests are administered to a large and representative sample of the population under similar conditions and instructions, ensuring fairness.
Norms provide mean scores of specific groups (ideally matched by age, background, etc.), allowing for valid comparisons among test takers.
Cultural bias can lead to lower scores for individuals from cultures different from the one on which the test was originally standardised.

Description

This quiz explores key concepts in psychometrics, focusing on the validity and reliability of tests. Learn about different types of validity, such as content, criterion-related, and construct validity, as well as various reliability measures. Perfect for students studying psychology or assessment methods.