Questions and Answers
What is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes?
What do you call private, internal activities such as thinking and dreaming?
Covert
What term is used for directly observable actions and responses?
Overt
What is the term for the unwillingness of bystanders to offer help during emergencies?
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What is referred to as any false and unscientific system of beliefs offered as an explanation of behavior?
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What school of psychology emphasizes the study of overt, observable behavior?
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What Freudian therapy emphasizes the use of free association and dream interpretation?
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What school of psychology emphasizes the study of thinking and perception as whole units?
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What is an individual nerve cell called?
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What carries information away from the cell body of a neuron?
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What are the branching fibers at the ends of axons called?
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What is the main body of a neuron or other cell referred to as?
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What is the microscopic space between two neurons over which messages pass?
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What is the nerve impulse called?
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What does the central nervous system consist of?
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What includes all parts of the nervous system outside the brain and spinal cord?
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Which system links the spinal cord with the body and sense organs?
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What carries information to and from the internal organs?
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What is the name of the branch of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body?
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What quiets the body in the autonomic nervous system?
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Which hemisphere of the brain is superior at math and coordinating complex movements?
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What hemisphere of the brain can produce only the simplest language?
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Which part of the limbic system is associated with fear responses?
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What are thread-like colored bodies in the nucleus of cells made up of DNA called?
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What refers to problems or defects that originate during prenatal development?
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What is giving priority to a particular incoming sensory message called?
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What term describes the apparent change in size of the moon as it moves from the horizon to overhead?
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What sensations are produced by the skin, muscles, joints, and organs of balance called?
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What is the mental process of organizing sensations into meaningful patterns?
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What is a gene whose influence will be expressed each time it is present called?
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What do you call a gene whose influence is expressed only when paired with a second recessive gene?
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What is the ability to see three-dimensional space and accurately judge distances called?
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Study Notes
Psychology Vocabulary
- Psychology: The scientific study of behavior and mental processes.
- Covert: Internal activities such as thinking, dreaming, and remembering; not observable externally.
- Overt: Actions and responses that are directly observable.
- Bystander Apathy: The tendency for bystanders to avoid helping during emergencies or engaging in others' problems.
- Pseudo Psychology: False and unscientific beliefs and practices presented as behavioral explanations.
- Behaviorism: A psychological approach focused on the study of observable behavior rather than internal mental states.
- Psychoanalysis: A Freudian therapeutic method involving free association and dream interpretation to uncover unconscious conflicts.
- Gestalt Psychology: Focuses on understanding thinking, learning, and perception as wholes rather than breaking them into parts.
Neuroanatomy
- Neuron: The basic functional unit of the nervous system; a nerve cell.
- Axon: A fiber extending from a neuron that transmits information away from the cell body.
- Axon Terminals: The branched endings of an axon that send messages to other neurons.
- Soma: The cell body of a neuron that contains the nucleus.
- Synapse: The microscopic gap between two neurons where communication occurs.
- Action Potential: The electrical impulse that travels along the axon of a neuron.
Nervous System
- Central Nervous System (CNS): Consists of the brain and spinal cord, responsible for processing information.
- Peripheral Nervous System (PNS): Comprises all nervous system components outside the brain and spinal cord.
- Somatic Nervous System: Connects the CNS to voluntary muscles and sensory receptors.
- Autonomic Nervous System (ANS): Regulates involuntary bodily functions by transmitting information to internal organs.
- Sympathetic System: A division of the ANS that prepares the body for 'fight or flight' responses.
- Parasympathetic System: A division of the ANS responsible for 'rest and digest' functions that calm the body.
Brain Function
- Brain Left Hemisphere: Specializes in mathematical skills, time judgment, rhythm, and complex movement coordination.
- Brain Right Hemisphere: Associated with basic language and number skills but has limited capabilities compared to the left.
Genetics and Development
- Amygdala: A brain region involved in processing fear and emotional responses.
- Chromosomes: Structures made of DNA located in the cell nucleus, containing genetic information.
- Congenital Problems: Defects or issues arising during prenatal development.
Sensory Perception
- Selective Attention: The process of prioritizing a specific sensory message over others.
- Moon Illusion: The perceived increase in the size of the moon as it moves from the horizon to overhead.
- Somesthetic Senses: Sensations from skin, muscles, joints, and organs involved in maintaining balance.
- Perception: The mental process of organizing sensory input to create meaningful patterns.
Genetic Terms
- Dominant Gene: A gene whose traits are expressed whenever present.
- Recessive Gene: A gene whose traits are only expressed if paired with another recessive gene.
Visual Perception
- Depth Perception: The ability to perceive three-dimensional space and accurately assess distances.
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Description
Test your knowledge on essential psychology vocabulary and key concepts in neuroanatomy. This quiz covers terms like covert, overt, behaviorism, and neuron, giving you insights into the study of behavior and the nervous system. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of psychology.
