Questions and Answers
What is memory?
What is a flashbulb memory?
A clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event.
What does encoding refer to?
The processing of information into the memory system.
What is storage in the context of memory?
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What is retrieval?
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What is sensory memory?
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What is short-term memory?
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What defines long-term memory?
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What is working memory?
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What is automatic processing?
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What does effortful processing refer to?
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What is rehearsal?
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What is the spacing effect?
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What is the serial position effect?
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What is visual encoding?
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What is acoustic encoding?
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What does semantic encoding involve?
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What is imagery in memory?
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What are mnemonics?
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What is chunking in memory?
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What is iconic memory?
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What is echoic memory?
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What is long-term potentiation?
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What is amnesia?
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What is implicit memory?
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What is explicit memory?
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What is the role of the hippocampus in memory?
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What is recall in terms of memory measurement?
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What does recognition measure in memory?
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What is relearning in memory assessment?
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What is priming in psychology?
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What is mood-congruent memory?
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What is déjà vu?
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Study Notes
Memory and Its Types
- Memory is the persistence of learning over time, involving storage and retrieval of information.
- Flashbulb memory refers to vivid recollections of emotionally significant events.
Memory Processes
- Encoding is the processing of information into memory, often by extracting meaning.
- Storage entails retaining encoded information over time.
- Retrieval involves accessing information from memory storage.
Types of Memory
- Sensory memory captures immediate sensory information quickly but briefly.
- Short-term memory holds a limited amount of information temporarily, like a phone number.
- Long-term memory is a vast, relatively permanent storage area for knowledge, skills, and experiences.
Working and Automatic Processing
- Working memory is actively processing incoming information and retrieving from long-term memory.
- Automatic processing occurs unconsciously, encoding incidental information like time and frequency.
Effortful Processing Techniques
- Effortful processing requires conscious attention and effort to encode information.
- Rehearsal is consciously repeating information to encode or maintain it in memory.
- The spacing effect indicates that distributed study enhances long-term retention over massed practice.
Recall and Recognition
- The serial position effect describes the tendency to remember the first and last items in a series best.
- Recall is retrieving information learned earlier, while recognition involves identifying previously learned items.
Memory Aids and Techniques
- Visual encoding refers to processing images, while acoustic encoding relates to sounds, especially words.
- Semantic encoding involves understanding meanings, enhancing memory retention.
- Imagery aids effortful processing, especially alongside semantic encoding.
- Mnemonics are techniques using vivid imagery and organizational devices to assist memory.
- Chunking organizes items into manageable units, facilitating easier recall.
Memory Systems and Duration
- Iconic memory is a brief sensory memory for visual stimuli lasting fractions of a second.
- Echoic memory retains auditory stimuli momentarily, allowing recall within a few seconds.
- Long-term potentiation describes increased synapse firing after rapid stimulation, linked to learning and memory.
Memory Disorders
- Amnesia refers to the loss of memory.
- Implicit memory is retained without conscious recollection, also known as procedural memory.
- Explicit memory involves facts and experiences that can be declared, known as declarative memory.
Important Brain Structures
- The hippocampus processes explicit memories for storage in the limbic system.
Memory Measurement
- Relearning assesses time saved when learning material again.
- Priming refers to triggering a response by previously encountered stimuli.
- Mood-congruent memory is the tendency to recall experiences consistent with one’s current mood.
- Déjà vu is the sensation that one has experienced a current situation before, triggered by cues from previous experiences.
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Description
Test your understanding of key terms related to memory in this Psychology Unit 7A vocabulary quiz. Explore concepts such as flashbulb memory, encoding, and storage to enhance your grasp of psychological processes. Perfect for students looking to solidify their knowledge in memory-related topics.