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Questions and Answers
Which tendency is responsible for humans evolving to greater complexity?
Which tendency is responsible for humans evolving to greater complexity?
What is the term for the organisms motivation to maintain basic needs?
What is the term for the organisms motivation to maintain basic needs?
Maintenance
The gap between the real self and ideal self is called:
The gap between the real self and ideal self is called:
Which need in Maslow's hierarchy is the only one that can be completely or overly satisfied?
Which need in Maslow's hierarchy is the only one that can be completely or overly satisfied?
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What is the term for needs that represent the ultimate level of Maslow's hierarchy, such as truth, beauty, and unity?
What is the term for needs that represent the ultimate level of Maslow's hierarchy, such as truth, beauty, and unity?
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What is the name for the highest level of needs according to Maslow?
What is the name for the highest level of needs according to Maslow?
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Which personality trait involves being curious and creative?
Which personality trait involves being curious and creative?
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What does the term 'basic tendencies' refer to in McCrae & Costa's model?
What does the term 'basic tendencies' refer to in McCrae & Costa's model?
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What does high neuroticism indicate in a person?
What does high neuroticism indicate in a person?
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What type of disposition dominates a person's life and cannot be hidden?
What type of disposition dominates a person's life and cannot be hidden?
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What is the term for the central core of personality, according to Allport?
What is the term for the central core of personality, according to Allport?
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Which type of trait is shared by many people in a culture?
Which type of trait is shared by many people in a culture?
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Which personality dimension is bipolar, ranging from neuroticism to stability?
Which personality dimension is bipolar, ranging from neuroticism to stability?
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What is the main biological explanation for the differences in extraversion and introversion?
What is the main biological explanation for the differences in extraversion and introversion?
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What personality dimension describes traits like egocentricity and aggression?
What personality dimension describes traits like egocentricity and aggression?
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What are psychogenic needs in Murray's theory?
What are psychogenic needs in Murray's theory?
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Which concept describes environmental factors influencing behavior in Murray's theory?
Which concept describes environmental factors influencing behavior in Murray's theory?
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What does 'Dasein' in May's theory represent?
What does 'Dasein' in May's theory represent?
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What is 'normal anxiety' in existential psychology?
What is 'normal anxiety' in existential psychology?
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What is a psychological mechanism in Buss's theory?
What is a psychological mechanism in Buss's theory?
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Which term refers to traits resulting from adaptations but with no functional purpose?
Which term refers to traits resulting from adaptations but with no functional purpose?
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Study Notes
Rogers: Person-Centered Theory
- Actualizing Tendency: Drives humans to greater complexity and fulfillment.
- Maintenance Tendency: Motivates organisms to maintain basic needs.
- Formative Tendency: Drives humans to evolve.
- Incongruence: Gap between the real self and ideal self.
Maslow: Holistic-Dynamic Theory
- Physiological Needs: Basic needs for survival, like air, water, sleep. Only need that can be completely satisfied.
- Meta-pathology: A state of illness or dysfunction arising from a lack of self-actualization.
- B-values: Ultimate level of Maslow's hierarchy; representing universal principles such as truth, justice, and beauty.
- Self-actualization Needs: Highest level of needs, characterized by realizing one's potential.
McCrae & Costa: Five-Factor Model of Personality
- Openness: Personality trait including curiosity, creativity.
- Neuroticism: Dimension ranging from emotional stability to vulnerability and anxiety.
- Basic Tendencies: Innate traits and potentials.
Allport: Psychology of the Individual
- Cardinal Disposition: Dominates a person's life, difficult to hide.
- Common Traits: Traits shared by many people in culture.
- Proprium: Central core of personality according to Allport.
Eysenck: Biologically Based Factor Theory
- Neuroticism: Bipolar dimension ranging from stability to emotional vulnerability.
- Psychoticism: Dimension describing egocentricity, aggression.
- Cortical Arousal Levels: Bio-psychological explanation for extraversion and introversion.
Murray's Traits and Personology Theory
- Psychogenic needs: Emotional and psychological needs.
- Alpha Press: Environmental factors influencing behavior.
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Description
This quiz covers key theories of personality including Rogers' Person-Centered Theory, Maslow's Holistic-Dynamic Theory, and the Five-Factor Model by McCrae and Costa. Test your understanding of concepts such as actualizing tendency, self-actualization needs, and personality traits. Perfect for psychology students seeking to deepen their knowledge of personality development.
