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Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of a psychological test?
What is a characteristic of a reliable psychological test?
What is the term for the quality of a test that measures what it claims to measure?
In what type of environment are psychological tests typically administered?
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What is the foundation of many psychological assessments?
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What is the purpose of collecting, integrating, and interpreting information about an individual?
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Which type of test is used to measure a person's ability to acquire specific skills through future training?
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What is the main purpose of using norms in testing?
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What is a characteristic of a good theory in testing?
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What type of personality test involves ambiguous responses?
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What is the main purpose of a psychological test?
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What is the result of confirmation bias in testing?
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Study Notes
What is a Test?
- A measurement device or technique used to quantify behavior or aid in understanding and predicting behavior
- Involves sampling process, which is prone to error
- Designed to measure human characteristics that pertain to behaviors based on psychological theories
Psychological Tests
- Measure human characteristics related to behaviors based on psychological theories
- Have qualities of validity (measures what it claims to measure) and reliability (accuracy across different times and people)
Importance of Psychological Assessments
- Help understand individual characteristics through collection, integration, and interpretation of data
- Clinical interviews are the foundation of many psychological assessments
Psychological Testing
- Administration of standardized procedures under specific environmental conditions to obtain a representative sample of behavior
- Conducted by a psychologist to gather information about how people think, feel, behave, and react
Applications of Psychological Tests
- Big Five, Intelligent tests, Personality tests, Examining interviewing techniques, Gathering information from direct conversations
- Individual tests of human ability, Testing in education and special education, Group tests of human ability
- Structured personality tests, The use of computers in testing, Interest tests, Medical testing for brain damage and health status
- Tests from I/O psychology and business
Testing Terms
- Psychological test: A set of items used to measure characteristics related to behavior
- Item: A single question or task on a test
- Response: An individual's answer to an item
- Sample: A representative group of participants used to norm a test
- Norms: Scores from a large, representative sample, allowing comparison of an individual's test score with the designated population
Theory and Testing
- Theory: An idea that explains a phenomenon, drives testing, and must be falsifiable
- Theory must be tested with risky predictions that can disprove the argument
- Need to avoid confirmation bias by seeking out information that confirms or disconfirms the theory
Types of Psychological Tests
- Ability tests: Measure achievement (previous learning), aptitude (potential), and intelligence (potential to solve problems, adapt, and profit from experience)
- Personality tests: Structured (yes/no) and projective (ambiguous responses)
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Description
Learn about the basics of psychological tests, including their purpose, qualities, and measurement techniques. Discover how tests are designed to measure human characteristics and individual differences.
