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Questions and Answers
What type of therapy focuses on changing patterns of thinking and behavior to alleviate psychological distress?
What term is used to describe persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or urges?
What approach to psychology emphasizes the influence of culture and social context on behavior and mental processes?
What is characterized by the recurrent pulling out of one's hair?
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What type of therapy explores unconscious conflicts and defense mechanisms as determinants of behavior and symptoms?
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What is described as changes in gene expression caused by factors other than changes in the underlying DNA sequence?
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What is the term for the tendency to comply with commands from authority figures?
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What is the term for a substance capable of causing cancer?
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What is the term for the intense fear of offending or embarrassing others?
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What is the term for the five broad dimensions of personality?
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What is the term for the sudden outburst of unrestrained aggression or violence?
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What is the term for a stimulus that causes stress, whether physical, psychological, or environmental?
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What is the purpose of the Rorschach Inkblot Test?
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What is the primary goal of Psychoanalysis?
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What is the term for the phenomenon where individuals' moods are influenced by those around them?
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What is the name of the medication commonly used to treat anxiety and panic disorders?
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What is the term for a research method where neither the participants nor the researchers are aware of who is in the experimental or control group?
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What is the term for efforts aimed at preventing mental illness and promoting mental well-being?
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What is the process where people develop a preference for things they are repeatedly exposed to?
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Which of the following is NOT one of the Big Five personality traits?
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What is the term for the unconscious redirection of feelings from one person to another?
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What theory proposes that emotional experiences are determined by both physiological arousal and cognitive appraisal?
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What hormone is associated with decreased appetite and increased feelings of fullness?
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What eating disorder is characterized by extreme restriction of food intake and an intense fear of gaining weight?
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What is the term for the technique that helps individuals gain control over involuntary bodily functions through feedback about physiological processes?
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What is the term used to describe the process of evaluating the significance of a stressor and determining how to cope with it?
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What is the condition characterized by the buildup of plaque in the arteries, leading to reduced blood flow?
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What is the term used to describe excessive worry about having a serious illness, despite medical reassurance?
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What theory proposes a hierarchy of needs, with self-actualization as the ultimate goal?
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What is the term used to describe a device used to measure physiological responses such as heart rate and perspiration, often used in lie detection?
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Study Notes
Types of Therapy and Psychological Concepts
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) focuses on altering negative thought patterns and behaviors to alleviate psychological distress.
- Obsessive thoughts, images, or urges that are persistent and intrusive are known as obsessions.
- Cultural psychology emphasizes how cultural and social contexts influence behaviors and mental processes.
Disorders and Conditions
- Trichotillomania is characterized by the recurrent pulling out of one's hair, often as a method of coping with stress.
- Psychoanalytic therapy explores unconscious conflicts and defense mechanisms affecting behavior and symptoms.
- Epigenetic changes refer to alterations in gene expression not due to changes in the underlying DNA sequence.
Psychological Phenomena
- The term "obedience" describes the tendency to follow commands from authority figures.
- Carcinogenic substances are capable of causing cancer.
- Social anxiety disorder is characterized by an intense fear of offending or embarrassing others.
- The Big Five personality traits encompass five broad dimensions of personality, including openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism.
Behavioral Responses
- A manic episode can be described as a sudden outburst of unrestrained aggression or violence.
- A stressor is a stimulus that induces stress, which can be physical, psychological, or environmental.
Psychological Assessments and Goals
- The Rorschach Inkblot Test is designed to reveal underlying thought patterns and emotional functioning through interpretations of inkblots.
- The primary goal of Psychoanalysis is to uncover repressed emotions and thoughts to bring them to consciousness.
- Emotional contagion refers to the phenomenon where individuals' moods are influenced by those around them.
Pharmacological Treatments
- Benzodiazepines are commonly prescribed medications for treating anxiety and panic disorders.
Research Methods
- A double-blind study is a research method where neither participants nor researchers know who is in the experimental or control group to eliminate bias.
Preventative Measures and Psychological Principles
- Mental health promotion involves efforts aimed at preventing mental illness and enhancing well-being.
- The mere exposure effect describes the process by which repeated exposure to a stimulus increases a person's preference for it.
Personality and Psychological Accommodation
- Psychological transference is an unconscious redirection of feelings from one person to another, often seen in therapeutic settings.
- The James-Lange Theory suggests that emotional experiences arise from physiological arousal combined with cognitive appraisal.
Physiology and Eating Disorders
- Leptin is a hormone linked to decreased appetite and enhanced feelings of fullness.
- Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder marked by extreme food intake restriction and an intense fear of weight gain.
Physiological Monitoring and Stress Assessment
- Biofeedback is a technique that assists individuals in gaining control over involuntary bodily processes through feedback on physiological functions.
- Cognitive appraisal is the process of assessing the significance of a stressor and determining coping strategies.
Health Conditions and Psychological Theories
- Atherosclerosis is characterized by plaque buildup in arteries, which restricts blood flow.
- Illness anxiety disorder describes excessive worry about having a serious illness despite medical reassurance.
- Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs theorizes that human motivation is organized in a hierarchy, with self-actualization as the ultimate goal.
Measurement Tools
- A polygraph is a device used to measure physiological responses, such as heart rate and perspiration, frequently utilized in lie detection scenarios.
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Description
Test your knowledge of psychological terms and concepts, including social scripts, trichotillomania, obsessions, compulsions, and dysmorphisms.
