Psychology Survey Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is a survey?

Research technique for acquiring data

What does target population refer to?

Total group to be studied or described and from whom samples may be drawn

What is a sample?

Small part of target population

What is a random sample?

Not always accurate-survey population, selected by chance, which fairly represents the general population Signup and view all the answers

What is a stratified sample?

Accurate- known subgroups in a population are represented in proportion to their numbers in the general population Signup and view all the answers

What does generalizing results mean?

Can't generalize outside sample Signup and view all the answers

What is bias in research?

A predisposition to a certain point of view Signup and view all the answers

What is volunteer bias?

Concept that people who volunteer to participate in research studies often differ from those who do not volunteer Signup and view all the answers

What is an experiment?

Participants receive treatment, researchers observe to see how it influences behavior Signup and view all the answers

What are variables in research?

Changeable factors Signup and view all the answers

What is an independent variable?

Controlled by researcher to get an effect Signup and view all the answers

What is a dependent variable?

Factor that changes because of the independent variable Signup and view all the answers

What is an experimental group?

Gets treatment Signup and view all the answers

What is a control group?

No treatment Signup and view all the answers

What is a controlled experiment?

When experiment uses control and experimental groups Signup and view all the answers

What is a placebo?

Substance or treatment that has no effect apart from a person's belief in it Signup and view all the answers

What is the placebo effect?

Belief that makes you think it works Signup and view all the answers

What is a single blind study?

Participants do not know if they are in the experimental or control group Signup and view all the answers

What is a double blind study?

Researchers and participants do not know who gets treatment Signup and view all the answers

What is the Hawthorne effect?

By paying more attention, people will work harder Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Research Techniques

Survey: A method used to gather data for research purposes.
Target Population: The complete group being researched, from which samples are drawn.
Sample: A subset of the target population used for analysis.

Sampling Methods

Random Sample: A selection method where participants are chosen by chance; may not always accurately reflect the general population.
Stratified Sample: Participants are selected based on known subgroups, ensuring accurate representation proportional to their prevalence in the population.

Generalization and Bias

Generalizing Results: Results cannot be extended beyond the sample to the larger population.
Bias: A tendency to favor one perspective over others, potentially skewing research findings.
Volunteer Bias: Individuals who choose to participate in studies may differ significantly from those who do not.

Experimental Design

Experiment: Involves treatment given to participants to observe its effects on behavior.
Variables: Factors that can change within an experiment.
Independent Variable: The factor manipulated by the researcher to observe effects.
Dependent Variable: The outcome that is measured, which changes in response to the independent variable.
Experimental Group: The group that receives the treatment in the experiment.
Control Group: The group that does not receive treatment, used for comparison.

Types of Experiments

Controlled Experiment: An experiment that includes both control and experimental groups to evaluate the treatment's effects.
Placebo: An inactive substance intended to create a psychological impact based on belief rather than pharmacological effect.
Placebo Effect: Improvement in condition due to the belief in the treatment rather than the treatment itself.

Study Methodologies

Single Blind Study: Participants are unaware of whether they are receiving treatment or a placebo.
Double Blind Study: Neither researchers nor participants know who is receiving treatment, minimizing bias.
Hawthorne Effect: The phenomenon where individuals modify their behavior due to increased attention from being observed.

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Description

Test your knowledge on key terms related to psychology surveys with these flashcards. Each card features a word and its definition, helping you understand crucial concepts like target populations and sampling methods. Ideal for psychology students and enthusiasts!