Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the main focus of structuralism?
What is the main focus of structuralism?
- Focusing only on the relation between observable behavior and environmental events
- Understanding the processes of how and why the mind works
- Studying the structure of the mind and its perceptions (correct)
- Examining how elements of the mind become associated with one another
What is the primary purpose of conscious attention according to the text?
What is the primary purpose of conscious attention according to the text?
- To validate knowledge by its usefulness
- To focus only on observable behavior and environmental events
- To monitor our interactions with the environment (correct)
- To assist us in linking our past and present experiences
What is the main focus of functionalism?
What is the main focus of functionalism?
- Examining how elements of the mind become associated with one another
- Understanding what people do and why they do it (correct)
- Understanding the structure of the mind and its perceptions
- Validating knowledge by its usefulness
What is the main focus of behaviorism?
What is the main focus of behaviorism?
What is the main focus of associationism?
What is the main focus of associationism?
What is the main focus of pragmatism?
What is the main focus of pragmatism?
What is the primary purpose of attending to signals over the short and long term?
What is the primary purpose of attending to signals over the short and long term?
What is the main focus of Signal-Detection Theory (SDT)?
What is the main focus of Signal-Detection Theory (SDT)?
What is the difference between vigilance and search?
What is the difference between vigilance and search?
What is the key difference between feature search and conjunctive search?
What is the key difference between feature search and conjunctive search?
What does the Feature-Integration Theory explain?
What does the Feature-Integration Theory explain?
According to the Similarity Theory, what makes a search task more difficult?
According to the Similarity Theory, what makes a search task more difficult?
Flashcards
Attention
Attention
The process of actively choosing specific information from multiple sources (senses, memories, thoughts).
Signal-Detection Theory (SDT)
Signal-Detection Theory (SDT)
A method to find a target stimulus from distractors.
Vigilance
Vigilance
Sustained attention over an extended period.
Search
Search
Signup and view all the flashcards
Feature Search
Feature Search
Signup and view all the flashcards
Conjunctive Search
Conjunctive Search
Signup and view all the flashcards
Feature-Integration Theory
Feature-Integration Theory
Signup and view all the flashcards
Similarity Theory
Similarity Theory
Signup and view all the flashcards
Structuralism
Structuralism
Signup and view all the flashcards
Introspection
Introspection
Signup and view all the flashcards
Functionalism
Functionalism
Signup and view all the flashcards
Behaviorism
Behaviorism
Signup and view all the flashcards
Study Notes
Attention and Consciousness
- Attention helps us control and plan for our future actions based on information from monitoring and past memories
- Attention is the process of actively selecting and processing a limited amount of information from all available sensory information, memories, and cognitive processes
Signal-Detection Theory (SDT)
- A framework to explain how people pick out important stimuli from irrelevant, distracting stimuli
- Often used to measure sensitivity to a target's presence
Vigilance
- A person's ability to attend to a field of stimulation over a prolonged period
- Needed in settings where a stimulus occurs rarely but requires immediate action when it does occur
Search
- Actively looking for something in the environment when unsure where it will appear
- Diverted by distracters, non-target stimuli that divert attention away from the target stimulus
- Two types of search:
- Feature Search: looking for one feature that makes the search object different from others
- Conjunctive Search: combining two or more features to find the stimulus
Feature-Integration Theory
- Explains why feature searches are easier than conjunction searches
- Feature searches can be done in parallel, while conjunction searches require combining features
Similarity Theory
- The more similar the target and distracters are, the more difficult it is to find the target
- Difficulty of search tasks depends on how different distracters are from each other, not on the number of features to be integrated
Schools of Thought in Psychology
- Structuralism: understand the structure of the mind and its perceptions into their constituent components
- Introspection: conscious observations of one's own thinking processes
- Functionalism: understand what people do and why they do it, studying the processes of how and why the mind works
- Pragmatism: knowledge is validated by its usefulness
- Behaviorism: focuses on the relation between observable behavior and environmental events or stimuli
- Associationism: examines how elements of the mind become associated with one another to result in learning
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
