Psychology Quiz: Anxiety and Arousal

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What is the consequence of social desirability bias in research studies?

Improved accuracy of eyewitness testimony
Enhanced mundane realism of the methodology
Increased ecological validity
Biased results and reduced likelihood of replicability (correct)

What is a limitation of the artificial tasks and stimuli used in Loftus and Palmer's studies?

Improved ecological validity
Reduced accuracy of eyewitness testimony
Increased anxiety in participants
Lack of realism in the methodology (correct)

According to Johnson and Scott (1976), how does anxiety affect the accuracy of eyewitness testimony?

It has a positive effect
It has a neutral effect
It has a mixed effect
It has a negative effect (correct)

What is the term used to describe the physiological response to external pressures, characterized by increased heart rate and vasoconstriction of blood vessels?

Anxiety (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential effect of anxiety on the accuracy of eyewitness testimony, according to Yuille and Cutshall?

Either positive or negative effect (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern with the film clips of car crashes used in Loftus and Palmer's studies?

They are not realistic enough (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of using the weapon focus effect to study anxiety's impact on eyewitness testimony?

It only tests for the effects of surprise. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential ethical issue with using distressing images in research on anxiety and eyewitness testimony?

It breaches the BPS guideline of protecting participants from psychological harm. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a challenge of using field studies to investigate anxiety's impact on eyewitness testimony?

They are susceptible to the biasing effects of extraneous variables. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a factor that can influence the accuracy of eyewitness testimony, aside from anxiety?

Post-event discussions. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of laboratory studies on anxiety and eyewitness testimony?

They are highly controlled and lack ecological validity. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a factor that can increase the accuracy of eyewitness testimony, according to Pickel's study?

Unusualness of the event. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of interference studies in terms of their duration?

They are often conducted in very short spaces of time, not reflecting everyday life. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between context-dependent and state-dependent forgetting?

One is related to internal cues, the other to external cues. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea behind the encoding specificity principle (ESP)?

Recall is only possible when cues at encoding match those at recall. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main criticism of interference studies in terms of their ecological validity?

They are too artificial and do not reflect everyday life. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What was the main finding of Godden and Baddeley's (1975) study with deep-water divers?

Recall was significantly better in matching conditions. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary explanation for forgetting in the retrieval failure model?

The lack of cues at recall. (A) Signup and view all the answers