Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus of the behavioral perspective?
What is the primary focus of the behavioral perspective?
Which of the following methods is NOT used by Freud to access the unconscious mind?
Which of the following methods is NOT used by Freud to access the unconscious mind?
Cognitive psychology emerged as a response to which psychological perspective?
Cognitive psychology emerged as a response to which psychological perspective?
The humanistic perspective emphasizes which of the following concepts?
The humanistic perspective emphasizes which of the following concepts?
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Which of the following components is part of Freud’s psychoanalytic theory?
Which of the following components is part of Freud’s psychoanalytic theory?
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What does cognitive psychologists often compare the human mind to for understanding information processing?
What does cognitive psychologists often compare the human mind to for understanding information processing?
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According to the behavioral perspective, actions are shaped primarily by which factor?
According to the behavioral perspective, actions are shaped primarily by which factor?
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Which of these psychologists is NOT associated with the cognitive perspective?
Which of these psychologists is NOT associated with the cognitive perspective?
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What is the primary focus of functionalism in psychology?
What is the primary focus of functionalism in psychology?
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What does the psychodynamic perspective primarily emphasize?
What does the psychodynamic perspective primarily emphasize?
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What analogy does Freud use to describe the human mind?
What analogy does Freud use to describe the human mind?
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Which major perspective in psychology emphasizes the study of physiology?
Which major perspective in psychology emphasizes the study of physiology?
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Which psychological perspective considers the influence of genetics on behavior?
Which psychological perspective considers the influence of genetics on behavior?
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What does the behavioral perspective primarily focus on?
What does the behavioral perspective primarily focus on?
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What concept is central to humanistic psychology?
What concept is central to humanistic psychology?
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Which theorist is associated with developing psychodynamic theories after Freud?
Which theorist is associated with developing psychodynamic theories after Freud?
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Which psychological perspective emphasizes inborn capabilities and biological predispositions?
Which psychological perspective emphasizes inborn capabilities and biological predispositions?
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What does the nature-nurture debate primarily discuss?
What does the nature-nurture debate primarily discuss?
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What approach did E.B. Titchener contribute to psychology?
What approach did E.B. Titchener contribute to psychology?
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Which psychological perspective primarily examines observable behaviors and their relationships with environmental stimuli?
Which psychological perspective primarily examines observable behaviors and their relationships with environmental stimuli?
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What is the primary goal of Humanistic Psychology?
What is the primary goal of Humanistic Psychology?
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Wilhelm Wundt is known for establishing which of the following?
Wilhelm Wundt is known for establishing which of the following?
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Which psychological perspective focuses on internal mental processes such as thinking and memory?
Which psychological perspective focuses on internal mental processes such as thinking and memory?
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Which theory primarily seeks to uncover the influence of unconscious desires and conflicts on behavior?
Which theory primarily seeks to uncover the influence of unconscious desires and conflicts on behavior?
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Study Notes
Behavioral Perspective
- Behaviorism focuses on how environmental stimuli influence learned behaviors
- Interaction with the environment shapes our actions
- John B. Watson famously conducted the Little Albert experiment, which showcased classical conditioning
Cognitive Perspective
- Focuses on mental processes such as memory, problem solving, language, and decision making
- Cognitive psychologists compare the human mind to a computer to understand information processing
- Uses information processing models to conceptualize how information is acquired, processed, stored and utilized.
Psychoanalytic Perspective
- Emphasizes the unconscious mind
- Our behaviors are determined by past experiences lodged in the unconscious mind
- Sigmund Freud described the mind as an iceberg, with only a small portion visible (conscious) and a large portion hidden (unconscious)
- The unconscious mind is broken down into three components; the Id, Ego, and Superego
- Freud used free association, dream analysis, and slips of the tongue to access the unconscious mind
The Subjectivist Perspective (Humanistic)
- Focuses on subjectively constructed realities
- Emphasizes understanding the whole person (holism)
- Humanistic psychology considers the perspective of the individual engaging in a behavior
- William James sought to understand the fluidity of consciousness
Contemporary Psychological Perspectives
- The five major perspectives in psychology are biological, psychodynamic, behavioral, cognitive, and subjectivist (humanistic)
- Evolutionary and cross-cultural perspectives are also part of modern psychology
Biological Perspective
- Studies the physiological basis of behavior
- Focuses on the brain, immune system, nervous system, genetics, and endocrine system
What is Psychology?
- The scientific study of the mind and behavior
- The word "psychology" is derived from the Greek word psyche, meaning "life" or "breath"
- The American Psychological Association (APA) defines psychology as the study of the mind, how it works, and how it affects behavior
### Historical Origins
- The roots of psychology can be traced back to ancient Greek philosophers
- Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle posed fundamental questions about mental life
### Nature-Nurture Debate
- The nature-nurture debate discusses whether human capabilities are innate or acquired through experience
- The nature view proposes that humans are born with innate knowledge
- The nurture view argues that knowledge is acquired through experiences
- Contemporary views focus on the interplay between nature and nurture
Beginnings of Scientific Psychology
- Wilhelm Wundt is considered the founder of scientific psychology
- He established the first psychological laboratory in 1879 at the University of Leipzig in Germany
Structuralism and Functionalism
- Structuralism focuses on the analysis of mental structures
- The goal of structuralism is to understand the structure of the mind
- E.B. Titchener coined the term "structuralism"
- Functionalism is concerned with the functions of the mind
- It opposes the purely analytical nature of structuralism
- Functionalism emphasizes the study of the whole mind rather than individual parts
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Description
This quiz explores the three major perspectives in psychology: Behavioral, Cognitive, and Psychoanalytic. It examines how each perspective influences human behavior and thought processes, highlighting key figures and concepts involved in each approach. Test your knowledge on these foundational theories in psychology.
