Psychology: Oral Stage Development

What primarily influences a child's personality during the oral stage?

What can result from deprivation during the oral stage?

Which of the following behaviors is NOT representative of the oral stage?

How might overindulgence in the oral stage manifest in adulthood?

What is likely to occur as a result of a child's fixation at the oral stage due to deprivation?

What is a characteristic of the oral-aggressive phase of oral development?

Which trait is most likely to develop from overindulgence in the oral stage?

What type of actions represent the oral-incorporative phase?

What personality trait is not associated with fixation at the oral stage?

Which characteristic reflects the manipulative aspect of an oral personality?

What kind of defense mechanism is denial associated with in the context of oral fixation?

In the context of oral personality, what behavior does projection typically involve?

How might a well-defended oral personality be generally perceived?

What does incorporation in an oral personality indicate on a cognitive level?

What trait might indicate overgratification at the oral stage?

Which of these traits is typically characterized by fixation during the oral stage?

The oral stage occurs in the first 18 months of life and focuses on the infant's sexual desires centered in the oral region.
The infant gains pleasure from sucking during the oral incorporative phase and actively taking in oral pleasure during the oral-aggressive phase.
Examples of oral gratification include sucking on breasts or bottles, putting toys, fingers, or toes in the mouth, and babbling.
Adults can experience oral sexuality through kissing, fellatio, cunnilingus, or oral caressing.
Parental response to the infant's oral needs significantly impacts personality development.
Deprivation in oral gratification can lead to fixation, resulting in pessimism, suspiciousness, self-belittlement, passivity, and envy.
Overindulgence in oral gratification can also lead to fixation, resulting in optimism, gullibility, cockiness, manipulativeness, and admiration.
Fixation in the oral stage results in an oral personality characterized by these bipolar traits.
Common defense mechanisms for oral personalities include denial, projection, and incorporation, which are considered immature but not pathological.

The anal stage occurs between 18 months and 3 years old.
Children derive pleasure from controlling their bowel movements.
The anal stage is characterized by the development of anal retentive and anal expulsive personalities.
Anal retentive personalities are organized, neat, and controlling, while anal expulsive personalities are messy, disorganized, and rebellious.
The anal stage is crucial for developing self-control and independence.
Fixation in the anal stage can lead to personality traits related to orderliness, cleanliness, and control or rebelliousness, messiness, and lack of control.