40 Questions
Which of the following types of acceleration is detected by the saccule?
Vertically directed linear acceleration
What is the main function of the otoliths in the inner ear?
To regulate balance and equilibrium
What is the primary function of exteroreceptors?
To detect chemicals in the external environment
Which of the following is an example of a tastant?
A sweet molecule that binds to a taste receptor
What is the primary mechanism by which salt taste is transduced?
Entry of sodium ions through specialized ion channels
Which of the following is a function of the sense of smell in certain species?
To influence the flow of digestive juices
What is the primary mechanism by which bitter taste is transduced?
Activation of G-protein coupled receptors
What is the primary function of the olfactory receptors in the nasal cavity?
To detect chemicals in the environment
What is the primary function of the eyelashes?
To trap fine, airborne debris
What is the main component of the anterior cavity?
Aqueous humor
What is responsible for the unique color of each individual's eyes?
The pigment in the iris
What is the function of the choroid layer?
To nourish the retina
What is the main function of the cornea?
To allow light rays to pass into the interior of the eye
What is the purpose of the vitreous humor?
To maintain the spherical shape of the eyeball
What is the function of the radial muscle in the iris?
To dilate the pupil
What determines the degree of refraction of light rays?
The difference in density between the two media
What is the result of an increase in the angle of refraction?
The refraction increases
What type of mechanoreceptors are responsible for detecting light touch sensation and sensation of texture?
Merkel Cells
What is the term for the age-related reduction in accommodation ability?
Presbyopia
Which type of mechanoreceptors are stimulated by stretch or twisting in the skin?
Ruffini Corpuscles
What is the function of the otolith organs in the vestibular apparatus?
Provide position of the head relative to gravity and changes in rate of linear motion
What is the function of the ciliary muscle and suspensory ligaments in accommodation?
To adjust the strength of the lens
What is the function of the semicircular canals in the vestibular apparatus?
Detect rotational or angular acceleration or deceleration of the head
What is the term for the point on the retina where the optic nerve leaves?
The optic disc
What type of mechanoreceptors are responsible for sensing coarse touch, pressure, and vibrations?
Pacinian Corpuscles
What is the function of the outer segment of photoreceptor cells?
To detect light stimuli
What is the term for the process of gradually regenerating photopigments in the dark?
Dark adaptation
What is the function of the lateral line system?
Somesthetic and proprioceptive mechanoreceptor system
What type of mechanoreceptors are responsible for detecting movement of hairs?
Root Hair Plexuses
What is the type of cell that makes up the outermost layer of the neural portion of the retina?
Rod and cone cells
What is the term for the derivative of vitamin A that is part of the photopigment?
Retinene
What is the function of the statocysts?
Gravity receptors
What is a necessary condition for a molecule to be detected as an odor?
It must be sufficiently volatile to enter the nose in inspired air.
What is the purpose of the 'smell files' in the glomeruli of the olfactory bulb?
To integrate information from multiple receptors
What is the primary role of the vomeronasal organ (VNO) in mammals?
To detect pheromones involved in reproductive behavior
What is the term for the reduction in sensitivity to an odor over time?
Olfactory adaptation
What is the primary function of the olfactory tract?
To transmit olfactory information to the cerebral cortex
What is the term for the lingering of an odor due to the presence of 'odor-eating' enzymes?
Odor persistence
What is the primary function of the G-protein coupled mechanism in olfactory transduction?
To depolarize the olfactory receptor neuron
What is the primary function of the photopigments involved in vision?
To detect light
Learn about how sensory stimuli impact our emotions and how mechanoreceptors detect physical forces, including types of mechanoreceptors and their functions.
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