Psychology of Relationships Quiz

Any behavior intended to cause harm.

Using aggression as a tool to achieve a goal. It is strategic and deliberate. Examples include robbing a store or a terrorist attack, where the primary goal is not to harm, but rather to achieve something else.

Triggered by anger, with the sole purpose of harming someone or something.

Aggression that is more subtle and carried out through manipulation. Examples include gossip, spreading rumors, or talking poorly about someone behind their back.

The idea that frustration leads to aggression.

The belief that acting aggressively reduces aggression and makes you feel better. This is not generally supported by research.

The theory suggests that aggressive thoughts and behaviors are influenced by memories and past experiences. If we've been around aggression, we're more likely to be aggressive ourselves.

The idea that people learn to be aggressive by observing and imitating others. This is especially true for children who grow up in aggressive environments.

Helping someone else without expecting anything in return. This often involves empathy and a desire to reduce the suffering of others.

Helping someone with the expectation of receiving a favor in return later on. It's about building and maintaining mutually beneficial relationships.

A social rule or expectation that we should help people in need, regardless of personal gain. It's a societal duty to offer assistance.

This norm suggests that we should only help those who deserve it, often based on perceived merit or worthiness. This can lead to biases and discrimination.

A model that explains how people decide to intervene in an emergency situation. It involves 5 steps: noticing the event, interpreting it as an emergency, feeling responsibility, knowing how to help, and deciding to take action.

The tendency to hesitate helping someone in need due to the fear of being judged or appearing foolish. This can prevent bystanders from intervening in a situation.

The theory suggests that people in a negative mood may help others to alleviate their own discomfort or sadness. This is often driven by a desire to feel better about themselves.

The idea that feelings of empathy towards someone in need lead to a genuine desire to help them, regardless of personal benefits. It's a purely altruistic motivation.

The tendency to help others more when we are feeling negative emotions, as seeing someone else in pain can trigger our own negative emotions and we might try to alleviate our own discomfort by helping.

A theory that explains altruistic behavior as being driven by genuine empathy. When we feel empathy for someone in need, we're more likely to help them without expecting anything in return.

The phenomenon of people being less likely to help someone in need when there are other people present. The more people present, the less likely any individual is to offer assistance.

The phenomenon where people are less likely to act in an emergency situation if they see others not acting

The influence stemming from our desire to be accepted and liked by others. We tend to conform to the group's behavior to avoid being seen as different or wrong.

We compare ourselves to others to evaluate our own abilities, beliefs, and values. This process helps us understand our place in the social world.

The theory based on the idea that we maintain interpersonal relationships because the benefits outweigh the costs. When the costs exceed the benefits, we are likely to leave the relationship.

The tendency for people to be attracted to others who share similar characteristics, such as interests, values, beliefs, and background.

The expected level of outcomes in a relationship, based on past experiences and what we believe we deserve.

The difference between the actual outcomes of a relationship and a person's Comparison Level (CL).

The best perceived potential relationship outcomes outside of the current relationship. It influences our decision to stay or leave a relationship.

The process of selecting a mate based on traits that enhance survival and reproductive success for offspring.

Theory emphasizing that mate selection is driven by the need to solve 'adaptive problems' for successful reproduction.

The idea that we tend to like those who are familiar to us, simply because of repeated exposure.

A theory suggesting that relationships are most satisfying when both partners perceive a balance between what they give and receive in the relationship.

The strong emotional bond between an infant and their primary caregiver, often the mother.

A type of attachment style characterized by low avoidance and high anxiety, where individuals are highly dependent and worry about their partner's affection.

The tendency to be attracted to people who are similar to us in terms of values, interests, beliefs, or physical characteristics.

The phenomenon where we like those who like us, often leading to a self-fulfilling prophecy where we act in ways that confirm their affection.

The theory that our emotional experience is based on two primary factors: physiological arousal and how we label the cause of that arousal.

A state of intense longing, passion, and desire for another person, often accompanied by strong physical and emotional attraction.