Psychology of Panic Disorder and Agoraphobia

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What is the primary requirement for a diagnosis of panic disorder (PD)?

Interpreting normal physical sensations in a catastrophic way

Avoiding a number of situations or activities that produce physiological arousal

Having unexpected panic attacks with no significant distress or interference in daily life

Experiencing continued intense anxiety and avoidance related to the attack for at least one month (correct)

What is the term used to describe the avoidance of internal bodily or somatic cues for panic?

Agoraphobic response

Interoceptive avoidance (correct)

Exteroceptive avoidance

Panic induction

What is the percentage of the population that has met criteria for PD or agoraphobia over their lifetime?

7.1%

1.7%

10.3%

4.7% (correct)

What is the primary goal of exposure-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for anxiety disorders?

To help clients recognize and change problematic thoughts and behaviors in real-life situations Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the sensation of choking during a panic attack?

Somatic cue Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary limitation of medications in treating anxiety disorders?

High relapse rates once medications are stopped Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of people with panic disorder that leads to a vicious cycle of panic?

Interpreting normal physical sensations in a catastrophic way Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the fight or flight response?

To prepare the body for a fight or escape in response to threat or danger Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the fear of certain places or situations, particularly those where escape might not be possible?

Agoraphobia Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a panic attack that occurs without an apparent reason or cue?

False alarm Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of exposure-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) compared to medication?

Greater treatment effects in the long-term Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of a panic disorder?

Acute anxiety that persists long after a specific panic attack Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the deliberate avoidance of particular places and situations due to anxiety?

Agoraphobia Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of agoraphobia that leads to significant disruption to a person's life?

Avoiding several places or situations Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between a panic attack and a panic disorder?

Panic attacks are isolated events, while panic disorders are chronic conditions Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical response to a panic attack when there is no apparent reason or cue?

Intense fear and anxiety Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of associating physical sensations with fear during a panic attack?

Avoidance of situations that may trigger similar sensations Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between panic disorder and agoraphobia?

Panic disorder often leads to a diagnosis of agoraphobia Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between a panic attack and an anxiety episode?

Panic attacks are sudden and unexpected, while anxiety episodes are gradually building Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the fight or flight response in panic disorder?

It prepares the body for a fight or escape in response to threat or danger Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary focus of CBT in addressing anxiety disorders?

Identifying and challenging negative thoughts and beliefs about situations Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of exposure exercises in CBT?

To challenge clients' beliefs and learn new, less fearful associations Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of clients receiving CBT typically show a good initial response?

50-80% Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of transdiagnostic treatments for anxiety disorders?

Core, underlying vulnerabilities Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of novel interventions in anxiety treatment, as mentioned in the text?

To enhance learning during CBT Signup and view all the answers

How does engaging in avoidance behaviors affect clients' beliefs about feared situations?

It strengthens the belief that the situation is something to be feared Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the 'appraisals' or thoughts clients have about a situation and their feelings and behaviors?

Their thoughts affect both their feelings and their behaviors Signup and view all the answers

What is the desired outcome of successful anxiety treatment, according to the text?

Making anxiety useful and adaptive again Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of CBT over medication in terms of response durability?

The effect of CBT is more durable Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of additional treatments for anxiety disorders, as mentioned in the text?

Focusing on novel interventions and transdiagnostic treatments Signup and view all the answers