Psychology of High-Performing Athletes

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What is the primary characteristic of subjective goals?

They are specific and achievable.

They are focused on team performance.

They are measurable and objective.

They are general statements of intent that are not measurable or objective. (correct)

What is the term for an athlete's mental preparation for competition?

Simulation

Mental toughness

Concentration

Imagery (correct)

Which component of the 4C model of mental toughness involves maintaining belief in the self despite setbacks?

Challenge

Commitment

Confidence (correct)

Control

What type of imagery involves perceiving the execution of a skill from an outside observer's perspective?

External imagery Signup and view all the answers

What is the ability to maintain focus on relevant environmental cues?

Concentration Signup and view all the answers

What happens when an athlete thinks of the past or the future during competition?

They raise irrelevant cues that often lead to performance errors. Signup and view all the answers

What is arousal referred to as in the context of athletic performance?

A psychological state of alertness and anticipation Signup and view all the answers

According to the Drive theory, what happens when arousal increases?

We are more likely to adopt the dominant response to a situation Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of increased arousal on tasks requiring a broad–external focus?

Negatively influences performance due to a narrowing of the attentional field Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea behind the Inverted-U hypothesis?

There is an optimal level of arousal for every task, and performance peaks at this level Signup and view all the answers

What does Reversal theory contend about the relationship between arousal and performance?

The way in which arousal affects performance depends on an individual’s interpretation of his arousal level Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between arousal and muscle tension?

Increased arousal increases muscle tension Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important factor in determining behavior?

Both situations and personal characteristics Signup and view all the answers

What drives high-performing athletes to succeed?

Desire to prove themselves and beat their competition Signup and view all the answers

How do high-performing athletes achieve their goals?

By setting realistic, achievable goals and working hard to attain them Signup and view all the answers

What is a key trait of natural leaders among high-performing athletes?

Innate ability to bring out the best in themselves and others Signup and view all the answers

How do high-performing athletes manage stress and setbacks?

By compartmentalizing their worries and focusing on the task at hand Signup and view all the answers

What is the attitude of high-performing athletes towards criticism and feedback?

They are open to criticism and use it as an opportunity to learn and improve Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why children tend to copy the sport-related behavior of adult athletes?

To imitate their role models Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the sum of the forces that influence members to remain part of a group or team?

Group cohesion Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when other people are carrying out the same task alongside us, such as in a race or training with friends?

Co-action effect Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of being part of a strongly cohesive team?

Improved performance Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the effect of being watched by an audience?

Audience effect Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a team, according to Moorhead and Griffin (1998)?

A small number of people with complementary skills who are committed to a common purpose Signup and view all the answers

What is the concept that suggests that athletes with low intrinsic motivation can be motivated by adding extrinsic motivation?

Additive principle Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the belief in one's abilities?

Self-efficacy Signup and view all the answers

What type of thinking involves reflecting on past events that are no longer in our control?

Counterfactual thinking Signup and view all the answers